ArticlePsychopharmacology2006
Nicotine as a typical drug of abuse in experimental animals and humans.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 130 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of bupropion treatment on brain activation induced by cigarette-related cues in smokers.Archives of general psychiatry · 2011Trial
- Euphoriant effects of nicotine in smokers: fact or artifact?Psychopharmacology · 2007Trial
- Adolescent Exposure to Nicotine and Ethanol Attenuates Adult Nicotine Reward Sensitivity in Rats.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2026Article
- The effect of mixed tobacco monoamine oxidase inhibitors in animal models relevant to tobacco dependence.Psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Cofilin linked to GluN2B subunits of NMDA receptors is required for behavioral sensitization by changing the dendritic spines of neurons in the caudate and putamen after repeated nicotine exposure.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2024Article
- Phosphorylation of GluA1-Ser831 by CaMKII Activation in the Caudate and Putamen Is Required for Behavioral Sensitization After Challenge Nicotine in Rats.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Cannabinoid receptor GPR55 activation blocks nicotine use disorder by regulation of AMPAR phosphorylation.Psychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Evaluating a school-based science program that teaches the physiological effects of nicotine.Addictive behaviors · 2021Article
- The importance of acquisition learning on nicotine and varenicline drug substitution in a drug-discriminated goal-tracking task.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2020Article
- Non-pharmacological factors that determine drug use and addiction.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2020Review
- Intranasal mesenchymal stem cell secretome administration markedly inhibits alcohol and nicotine self-administration and blocks relapse-intake: mechanism and translational options.Stem cell research & therapy · 2019Article
- Cocaine, nicotine, and their conditioned contexts enhance consolidation of object memory in rats.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2019Article
- Nicotine drug discrimination and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in differentially reared rats.Psychopharmacology · 2018Article
- Altered nicotine reward-associated behavior following α4 nAChR subunit deletion in ventral midbrain.PloS one · 2017Article
- Nicotine Acutely Enhances Reinforcement from Non-Drug Rewards in Humans.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2017Review
- An Inventory of Methods for the Assessment of Additive Increased Addictiveness of Tobacco Products.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2016Review
- Attenuation of cue-induced reinstatement of nicotine seeking by URB597 through cannabinoid CB1 receptor in rats.Psychopharmacology · 2016Article
- Individual variation in the motivational properties of a nicotine cue: sign-trackers vs. goal-trackers.Psychopharmacology · 2015Article
- Concurrent access to nicotine and sucrose in rats.Psychopharmacology · 2015Article
- Sensory reinforcement-enhancing effects of nicotine via smoking.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2014Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
RATIONALE AND
backgroundTobacco use through cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the developed world. Nicotine, a psychoactive component of tobacco, appears to play a major role in tobacco dependence, but reinforcing effects of nicotine often are difficult to demonstrate directly in controlled laboratory studies with animal or human subjects.
objectiveTo review the major findings obtained with various procedures developed to study dependence-related behavioral effects of nicotine in experimental animals and humans, i.e., drug self-administration, conditioned place preference, subjective reports of nicotine effects and nicotine discrimination, withdrawal signs, and ratings of drug withdrawal.
resultsNicotine can function as an effective reinforcer of drug-seeking and drug-taking behavior both in experimental animals and humans under appropriate conditions. Interruption of chronic nicotine exposure produces withdrawal symptoms that may contribute to relapse. Difficulties encountered in demonstrating reinforcing effects of nicotine under some conditions, relative to other drugs of abuse, may be due to weaker primary reinforcing effects of nicotine or to a more critical contribution of environmental stimuli to the maintenance of drug-seeking and drug-taking behavior with nicotine than with other drugs of abuse. Further experiments are also needed to delineate the role other chemical substances inhaled along with nicotine in tobacco smoke play in sustaining smoking behavior.
conclusionNicotine acts as a typical drug of abuse in experimental animals and humans.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.