ArticleSexually transmitted infections2005
The effects of early syphilis on CD4 counts and HIV-1 RNA viral loads in blood and semen.
Article in Sexually transmitted infections, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of treating co-infections on HIV-1 viral load: a systematic review.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2010Pooled it
- Prevalence and Treatment Outcomes of Syphilis among People with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Engaging in High-Risk Sexual Behavior: Real World Data from Northern Greece, 2019-2022.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Clinical and immunological characteristics of HIV/syphilis co-infected patients following long-term antiretroviral treatment.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Burden of hepatitis B virus and syphilis co-infections and its impact on HIV treatment outcome in Ethiopia: nationwide community-based study.Annals of medicine · 2023Article
- Consequences of HIV/Syphilis Co-Infection on HIV Viral Load and Immune Response to Antiretroviral Therapy.Infection and drug resistance · 2021Article
- Ocular Syphilis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection Among Syphilis Patients in North Carolina, 2014-2016.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2019Article
- Risk Factors and Incidence of Syphilis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected Persons: The HIV Outpatient Study, 1999-2015.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Observational
- A retrospective study of the clinical features of new syphilis infections in an HIV-positive cohort in Alberta, Canada.BMJ open · 2018Article
- Increasing incidence of syphilis among patients engaged in HIV care in Alberta, Canada: a retrospective clinic-based cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Factors associated with syphilis incidence in the HIV-infected in the era of highly active antiretrovirals.Medicine · 2017Observational
- High incidence of diagnosis with syphilis co-infection among men who have sex with men in an HIV cohort in Ontario, Canada.BMC infectious diseases · 2015Article
- Syphilis among people with HIV infection in southern Ethiopia: sero-prevalence and risk factors.BMC infectious diseases · 2015Article
- Male infertility: a public health issue caused by sexually transmitted pathogens.Nature reviews. Urology · 2014Review
- Expression of CXCL2 in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with HIV and syphilis or neurosyphilis.Inflammation · 2014Article
- The Role of Sexually Transmitted Infections in HIV-1 Progression: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature.Journal of sexually transmitted diseases · 2013Review
- Syphilis: using modern approaches to understand an old disease.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2011Review
- New syphilis cases and concurrent STI screening in a southeastern U.S. HIV clinic: a call to action.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2010Article
- Seroprevalence of syphilis among a cohort of HIV-infected subjects in North Central Nigeria.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2009Article
- Syphilis and HIV: old and new foes aligned against us.Current infectious disease reports · 2009Article
- Stimulation of Ebola virus production from persistent infection through activation of the Ras/MAPK pathway.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo examine the effect of early syphilis on blood and semen plasma HIV-1 viral loads and CD4 counts.
methodsIn a retrospective case-control study, blood plasma HIV-1 viral loads and CD4 counts in cases during early syphilis (n = 63, 27 receiving antiretroviral therapy) were compared to those before and after syphilis and with controls with non-systemic acute sexually transmitted infections (STI) (n = 104, 39 receiving antiretroviral therapy). In a prospective substudy in those not receiving antiretroviral therapy, semen plasma viral loads during early syphilis (n = 13) were compared with those 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after treatment for syphilis and with controls with no STIs (n = 20).
resultsRetrospective study: CD4 counts were similar in cases (median 410, n = 139 counts) during early syphilis compared to before (485, n = 80) and after (475, n = 88). In a secondary analysis, a drop in CD4 count (21%) among those with early latent syphilis was observed compared with controls. Blood plasma viral loads did not change significantly overall or in those with primary, secondary, or early latent syphilis. Effects were similar on or off antiretroviral therapy. Prospective study: blood and semen viral loads were slightly higher in cases compared with controls but treatment of early syphilis did not reduce either.
conclusionsWe detected no association between early syphilis and changes in blood or semen viral load or CD4 count. Increased HIV-1 infectivity associated with early syphilis is unlikely to be associated with increased levels of HIV-1 RNA in blood or semen.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.