ArticleInfection and immunity2005
Variable tick protein in two genomic groups of the relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia hermsii in western North America.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- OspC phylogenetic analyses support the feasibility of a broadly protective polyvalent chimeric Lyme disease vaccine.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2007Trial
- Genomic and structural analysis of major antigenic proteins' variability in the human relapsing fever spirocheteCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Comparative genomics analysis of three conserved plasmid families in the Western Hemisphere soft tick-borne relapsing fever borreliae provides insight into variation in genome structure and antigenic variation systems.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Comparative genomics analysis of three conserved plasmid families in the Western Hemisphere soft tick-borne relapsing fever borreliae provides insight into variation in genome structure and antigenic variation systems.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Host-pathogen interaction in arthropod vectors: Lessons from viral infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Immune evasion strategies of major tick-transmitted bacterial pathogens.Trends in microbiology · 2023Review
- Comparative genomics of the Western Hemisphere soft tick-borne relapsing fever borreliae highlights extensive plasmid diversity.BMC genomics · 2022Article
- Diversity and distribution of the tick-borne relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia turicatae.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Transovarial Transmission ofMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Isolation and genetic characterization of a relapsing fever spirochete isolated from Ornithodoros puertoricensis collected in central Panama.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Transgenic functional complementation with a transmission -associated protein restores spirochete infectivity by tick bite.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2020Article
- The impact of in vitro cultivation on the natural life cycle of the tick-borne relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia turicatae.PloS one · 2020Article
- TickPath Layerplex: adaptation of a real-time PCR methodology for the simultaneous detection and molecular surveillance of tick-borne pathogens.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- A bite so sweet: the glycobiology interface of tick-host-pathogen interactions.Parasites & vectors · 2018Review
- Detection of Tickborne Relapsing Fever Spirochete, Austin, Texas, USA.Emerging infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Cis-acting DNA elements flanking the variable major protein expression site of Borrelia hermsii are required for murine persistence.MicrobiologyOpen · 2018Article
- Relapsing Fevers: Neglected Tick-Borne Diseases.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018Review
- New records of Ornithodoros puertoricensis Fox 1947 (Ixodida: Argasidae) parasitizing humans in rural and urban dwellings, Panama.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2017Article
- Host associations and genomic diversity of Borrelia hermsii in an endemic focus of tick-borne relapsing fever in western North America.Parasites & vectors · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Borrelia hermsii is the primary cause of tick-borne relapsing fever in North America. When its tick vector, Ornithodoros hermsi, acquires these spirochetes from the blood of an infected mammal, the bacteria switch their outer surface from one of many bloodstream variable major proteins (Vmps) to a unique protein, Vtp (Vsp33). Vtp may be critical for successful tick transmission of B. hermsii; however, the gene encoding this protein has been described previously in only one isolate. Here we identified and sequenced the vtp gene in 31 isolates of B. hermsii collected over 40 years from localities throughout much of its known geographic distribution. Seven major Vtp types were found. Little or no sequence variation existed within types, but between them significant variation was observed, similar to the pattern of diversity described for the outer surface protein C (OspC) gene in Lyme disease spirochetes. The pattern of sequence relatedness among the Vtp types was incongruent in two branches compared to two genomic groups identified among the isolates by multilocus sequence typing of the 16S rRNA, flaB, gyrB, and glpQ genes. Therefore, both horizontal transfer and recombination within and between the two genomic groups were responsible for some of the variation observed in the vtp gene. O. hermsi ticks were capable of transmitting spirochetes in the newly identified genomic group. Therefore, given the longevity of the tick vector and persistent infection of spirochetes in ticks, these arthropods rather than mammals may be the likely host where the exchange of spirochetal DNA occurs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.