ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2005
Regulated costimulation in the thymus is critical for T cell development: dysregulated CD28 costimulation can bypass the pre-TCR checkpoint.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maturation of thymocytes with a monoclonal TCR under control of Trac promoter elements in the absence of β-selection.ImmunoHorizons · 2025Article
- Article
- TCF-1 regulates NKG2D expression on CD8 T cells during anti-tumor responses.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2023Article
- TCF-1 Is Required for CD4 T Cell Persistence Functions during AlloImmunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Stepwise progression of β-selection during T cell development involves histone deacetylation.Life science alliance · 2023Article
- Methods for Study of Mouse T Cell Receptor α and β Gene Rearrangements.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
- A Beginner's Guide to T Cell Development.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Review
- The adaptation model of immunity: Is the goal of central tolerance to eliminate defective T cells or self-reactive T cells?Scandinavian journal of immunology · 2022Article
- The RAG1 Ubiquitin Ligase Domain Stimulates Recombination of TCRβ and TCRα Genes and Influences Development of αβ T Cell Lineages.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- Link between the EZH2 noncanonical pathway and microtubule organization center polarization during early T lymphopoiesis.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Article
- The transcription factor Duxbl mediates elimination of pre-T cells that fail β-selection.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2019Article
- A comprehensive review on the role of co-signaling receptors and Treg homeostasis in autoimmunity and tumor immunity.Journal of autoimmunity · 2018Review
- The checkpoint for agonist selection precedes conventional selection in human thymus.Science immunology · 2017Article
- CD28-CD80/86 and CD40-CD40L Interactions Promote Thymic Tolerance by Regulating Medullary Epithelial Cell and Thymocyte Development.Critical reviews in immunology · 2015Review
- Article
- Thymic medullary epithelium and thymocyte self-tolerance require cooperation between CD28-CD80/86 and CD40-CD40L costimulatory pathways.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Article
- The transcriptional landscape of αβ T cell differentiation.Nature immunology · 2013Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Expression of CD28 is highly regulated during thymic development, with CD28 levels extremely low on immature thymocytes but increasing dramatically as CD4- CD8- cells initiate expression of TCRbeta. B7-1 and B7-2, the ligands for CD28, have a restricted distribution in the thymic cortex where immature thymocytes reside and are more highly expressed in the medulla where the most mature thymocytes are located. To determine the importance of this regulated CD28/B7 expression for T cell development, we examined the effect of induced CD28 signaling of immature thymocytes in CD28/B7-2 double-transgenic mice. Strikingly, we found that differentiation to the CD4+ CD8+ stage in CD28/B7-2 transgenics proceeds independent of the requirement for TCRbeta expression manifest in wild-type thymocytes, occurring even in Rag- or CD3epsilon- knockouts. These findings indicate that signaling of immature thymocytes through CD28 in the absence of TCR- or pre-TCR-derived signals can promote an aberrant pathway of T cell differentiation and highlight the importance of finely regulated physiologic expression of CD28 and B7 in maintaining integrity of the "beta" checkpoint for pre-TCR/TCR-dependent thymic differentiation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.