ReviewAmerican journal of human genetics2005
The use of racial, ethnic, and ancestral categories in human genetics research.
Review in American journal of human genetics, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Genetic variation associated with depression in Latin American populations: a systematic review of single-nucleotide variants.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Altered skin microbiome, inflammation, and JAK/STAT signaling in Southeast Asian ichthyosis patients.Human genomics · 2024Pooled it
- Attitudes and beliefs regarding race-targeted genetic testing of Black people: A systematic review.Journal of genetic counseling · 2023Pooled it
- Genetics in chronic kidney disease: conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference.Kidney international · 2022Guideline
- Inter-Ethnic/Racial Facial Variations: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-Analysis of Photogrammetric Studies.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- Race and ethnicity in genetic research.American journal of medical genetics. Part A · 2007Pooled it
- Recommendations for the ethical and accurate use of population descriptors: a trainee-led survey of early-career researchers.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Heterogeneity in the development of diabetes-related complications: narrative review of the roles of ancestry and geographical determinants.Diabetologia · 2025Review
- The rise of diversity terminology in biomedical research.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Dynamic clustering of genomics cohorts beyond race, ethnicity-and ancestry.BMC medical genomics · 2025Article
- Accelerating cancer genomics research in Sub-Saharan Africa.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Overcoming barriers to single-cell RNA sequencing adoption in low- and middle-income countries.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2024Review
- Factors Affecting the Willingness of African-American and American Indian/Alaska Native Communities to Engage in Genetic and Biomarker Research: The UBIGR Study.Biomarkers in neuropsychiatry · 2024Article
- Racial Disparities in Hospital Utilization Among Patients with Multimorbidity.Journal of health care for the poor and underserved · 2024Article
- Association of Preoperative Lung Function with Complications after Lobectomy Using Race-Neutral and Race-Specific Normative Equations.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2024Article
- The use of race terms in epigenetics research: considerations moving forward.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Article
- Genetic determinants of periosteum-mediated craniofacial bone regeneration: a systematic review.Archives of craniofacial surgery · 2023Article
- Antiracism in biomolecular research.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2023Article
- Breast Cancer Germline Genetic Counseling and Testing for Populations of African Heritage Globally: A Scoping Review on Research, Practice, and Bioethical Considerations.JCO global oncology · 2023Article
- Genetic heritage of the Baphuthi highlights an over-ethnicized notion of "Bushman" in the Maloti-Drakensberg, southern Africa.American journal of human genetics · 2023Article
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The global dispersal of anatomically modern humans over the past 100,000 years has produced patterns of phenotypic variation that have exerted--and continue to exert--powerful influences on the lives of individuals and the experiences of groups. The recency of our common ancestry and continued gene flow among populations have resulted in less genetic differentiation among geographically distributed human populations than is observed in many other mammalian species. Nevertheless, differences in appearance have contributed to the development of ideas about "race" and "ethnicity" that often include the belief that significant inherited differences distinguish humans. The use of racial, ethnic, and ancestral categories in genetics research can imply that group differences arise directly through differing allele frequencies, with little influence from socially mediated mechanisms. At the same time, careful investigations of the biological, environmental, social, and psychological attributes associated with these categories will be an essential component of cross-disciplinary research into the origins, prevention, and treatment of common diseases, including those diseases that differ in prevalence among groups.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.