ArticleAnnals of the rheumatic diseases2006
Th2 cytokine genotypes are associated with a milder form of primary Sjogren's syndrome.
Article in Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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15 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of the Inflammasome Pathway According to the Expression of Proteins and Genetic Polymorphisms in COVID-19 Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Observational
- Exploiting the role of T cells in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome for therapeutic treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Mouse Models of Sjögren's Syndrome with Ocular Surface Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- T Cells Subsets in the Immunopathology and Treatment of Sjogren's Syndrome.Biomolecules · 2020Review
- Contributions of Major Cell Populations to Sjögren's Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Correlation of interleukin-33 with Th cytokines and clinical severity of dry eye disease.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2018Article
- Association of genetic polymorphisms in interferon-γ, interleukin-6 and transforming growth factor-β1 gene with oral lichen planus susceptibility.BMC oral health · 2016Article
- Managing Sjögren's Syndrome and non-Sjögren Syndrome dry eye with anti-inflammatory therapy.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2014Review
- T helper cytokines in dry eye disease.Experimental eye research · 2013Review
- Inhibition of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase-mediated tryptophan catabolism accelerates crescentic glomerulonephritis.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2009Article
- Experience with experimental biological treatment and local gene therapy in Sjogren's syndrome: implications for exocrine pathogenesis and treatment.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2006Review
- [Sjögren's syndrome. Current aspects from a rheumatological point of view].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2006Article
- The activity of the immunoregulatory enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase is decreased in smokers.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2006Article
- Cytokine polymorphisms in the Th1/Th2 pathway and susceptibility to non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Blood · 2006Article
- Polymorphisms inASN neuroArticle
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmunohistological studies on salivary and lacrimal glands have yielded conflicting results on the Th1/Th2 balance in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS).
objectiveTo establish whether pSS is a Th1 or Th2 directed autoimmune disease by analysing the polymorphism of the genes encoding for cytokines involved in the regulation of Th1/Th2 differentiation.
methodsThe polymorphisms of the genes encoding for interleukin 4 (IL4) -590 C/T, interleukin 13 (IL13) +2044 G/A, and interferon gamma (IFNG) +874 T/A were analysed in 63 white Finnish patients with pSS (61 female, two male) and in 63 healthy controls. The clinical and immunological data on the pSS patients were analysed in relation to these cytokine gene polymorphisms.
resultsThere were no significant differences in the genotype or allele frequencies of IL4 -590, IL13 +2044, or IFNG +874 between pSS patients and controls. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and concentrations of serum IgA and serum beta2 microglobulin were lower in pSS patients carrying the IL4 -590 T allele or the IL13 +2044 A allele than in those not carrying the respective alleles. The IL4 -509 T allele and IL13 +2044 A allele carriers less often had purpura than the corresponding non-carriers.
conclusionsThe frequencies of the cytokine genotypes regulating Th1/Th2 differentiation did not differ between pSS patients and controls. However, the presence of cytokine genotypes with increased susceptibility to atopic and other Th2 diseases was associated with signs of a milder form of pSS. This finding would favour a hypothesis envisaging pSS as primarily a Th1 mediated autoimmune disease.
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