ArticleBMC immunology2005
Metallothionein mediates leukocyte chemotaxis.
Article in BMC immunology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emerging Roles of Metallothioneins in Human Pathophysiology: A Review.Health science reports · 2025Article
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- Epstein-Barr virus-acquired immunodeficiency in myalgic encephalomyelitis-Is it present in long COVID?Journal of translational medicine · 2023Review
- Antioxidant Activity and Chemical Composition of Geranium Oil and Its Synergistic Potential against Pneumococci with Various Antibiotic Combinations.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Impact Assessment of Lead-Tolerant Rhizobacteria to Improve Soil Health Using Indian Mustard (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Oxidative stress and neuroimmune proteins in a mouse model of autism.Cell stress & chaperones · 2023Article
- Zinc in Human Health and Infectious Diseases.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Article
- Quantitative plasma proteomics identifies metallothioneins as a marker of acute-on-chronic liver failure associated acute kidney injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Observational
- The impact of metal availability on immune function during infection.Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM · 2021Review
- Emerging Roles of Metallothioneins in Beta Cell Pathophysiology: Beyond and Above Metal Homeostasis and Antioxidant Response.Biology · 2021Review
- Metallothioneins in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Importance in Pathogenesis and Potential Therapy Target.Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2021Review
- PmtA Regulates Pyocyanin Expression and Biofilm Formation inFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Evaluation of metallothionein and Ki-67 expression in chronic cholangiohepatitis in cats.Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire · 2021Article
- Emerging Biomarkers in Cutaneous Melanoma.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2018Review
- Metallothioneins: Emerging Modulators in Immunity and Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
- Filifactor alocis Promotes Neutrophil Degranulation and Chemotactic Activity.Infection and immunity · 2016Article
- Metallothionein regulates intracellular zinc signaling during CD4(+) T cell activation.BMC immunology · 2016Article
- Microarray to deep sequencing: transcriptome and miRNA profiling to elucidate molecular pathways in systemic lupus erythematosus.Immunologic research · 2016Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMetallothionein (MT) is a cysteine-rich, metal-binding protein that can be induced by a variety of agents. Modulation of MT levels has also been shown to alter specific immune functions. We have noticed that the MT genes map close to the chemokines Ccl17 and Cx3cl1. Cysteine motifs that characterize these chemokines are also found in the MT sequence suggesting that MT might also act as a chemotactic factor.
resultsIn the experiments reported here, we show that immune cells migrate chemotactically in the presence of a gradient of MT. This response can be specifically blocked by two different monoclonal anti-MT antibodies. Exposure of cells to MT also leads to a rapid increase in F-actin content. Incubation of Jurkat T cells with cholera toxin or pertussis toxin completely abrogates the chemotactic response to MT. Thus MT may act via G-protein coupled receptors and through the cyclic AMP signaling pathway to initiate chemotaxis.
conclusionThese results suggest that, under inflammatory conditions, metallothionein in the extracellular environment may support the beneficial movement of leukocytes to the site of inflammation. MT may therefore represent a "danger signal"; modifying the character of the immune response when cells sense cellular stress. Elevated metallothionein produced in the context of exposure to environmental toxicants, or as a result of chronic inflammatory disease, may alter the normal chemotactic responses that regulate leukocyte trafficking. Thus, MT synthesis may represent an important factor in immunomodulation that is associated with autoimmune disease and toxicant exposure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.