Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16162817›Full record

ArticleMolecular biology of the cell2005

Functions of adaptor protein (AP)-3 and AP-1 in tyrosinase sorting from endosomes to melanosomes.

Alexander C Theos, Danièle Tenza, José A Martina, Ilse Hurbain, Andrew A Peden, Elena V Sviderskaya, Abigail Stewart, Margaret S Robinson, Dorothy C Bennett, Daniel F Cutler and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular biology of the cell, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 165 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
165citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
7.9field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

165 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 265 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. Lysosome-related organelles orchestrate guanine crystal formation in pigment cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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105 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.

Alexander C TheosCambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust, Cambridge CB2 2XY, United Kingdom.
Danièle Tenza
José A Martina
Ilse Hurbain
Andrew A Peden
Elena V Sviderskaya
Abigail Stewart
Margaret S Robinson
Dorothy C Bennett
Daniel F Cutler
Juan S Bonifacino
Michael S Marks
Graça Raposo
Institut Curie · FRSt George's, University of London · GBWellcome Trust · GBEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development · USNational Institutes of Health · USUniversity College London · GBUniversity of Cambridge · GBUniversity of Pennsylvania · US

Funding

IMMUNOBIOLOGY OF NORMAL AND NEOPLASTIC LYMPHOCYTEST32CA009140 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Malay Haldar, WARREN S PEAR · 1985 to 2026
$16.1M
Hermansky Pudlak Syndrome &melanosome formationR01EY015625 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Michael S Marks · 2004 to 2026
$9.2M
REGULATION OF THE FATE OF NEWLY SYNTHESIZED PROTEINSZ01HD001607 · NICHD · EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT · PI BONIFACINO, JUAN · 1991 to 2008
$4.4M
Melanosome BiogenesisR01AR048155 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI MARKS, MICHAEL S · 2002 to 2017
$4.2M
NCI NIH HHS T32 CA009140NCI NIH HHS T32 CA 09140NEI NIH HHS EY015625NEI NIH HHS R01 EY015625NIAMS NIH HHS AR048155NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR048155Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Specialized cells exploit adaptor protein complexes for unique post-Golgi sorting events, providing a unique model system to specify adaptor function. Here, we show that AP-3 and AP-1 function independently in sorting of the melanocyte-specific protein tyrosinase from endosomes to the melanosome, a specialized lysosome-related organelle distinguishable from lysosomes. AP-3 and AP-1 localize in melanocytes primarily to clathrin-coated buds on tubular early endosomes near melanosomes. Both adaptors recognize the tyrosinase dileucine-based melanosome sorting signal, and tyrosinase largely colocalizes with each adaptor on endosomes. In AP-3-deficient melanocytes, tyrosinase accumulates inappropriately in vacuolar and multivesicular endosomes. Nevertheless, a substantial fraction still accumulates on melanosomes, concomitant with increased association with endosomal AP-1. Our data indicate that AP-3 and AP-1 function in partially redundant pathways to transfer tyrosinase from distinct endosomal subdomains to melanosomes and that the AP-3 pathway ensures that tyrosinase averts entrapment on internal membranes of forming multivesicular bodies.

Indexed as

Adaptor Protein Complex 1Adaptor Protein Complex 3Amino Acid SequenceAnimalsEndosomesHumansMelanocytesMelanosomesMiceMicroscopy, ElectronMolecular Sequence DataMonophenol MonooxygenaseProtein Sorting SignalsProtein TransportTransfectionTumor Cells, CulturedAdaptor Protein Complex 1Adaptor Protein Complex 3Monophenol MonooxygenaseProtein Sorting Signals

Identifiers

PMID16162817
PMCPMC1266432
OpenAlexW2154734157

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.