ReviewTrends in pharmacological sciences2005
Adenosine receptor signaling in the brain immune system.
Review in Trends in pharmacological sciences, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 105 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
105 citing papers in PubMed, 211 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research on Therapeutic Strategy of Inhalable Cell Membrane-Coated Nanodelivery Complexes Mediating Nrf2 Pathway for Ameliorating Pulmonary Fibrosis.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026Article
- Vinpocetine-An "Old" Drug with a New Face: Moving Toward a Better Understanding of Its Neuroprotective Mechanism of Action.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Enzyme Assemblies in Nucleotide Metabolism: Structure, Regulation, and Disease Implications.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Adenosine in the Brain: Recent Progress on Detection, Function, and Translation.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Review
- Neuroprotection by Flaxseed Oil in a Model of Hippocampal Injury Induced by Trimethyltin Involves Purinergic System Modulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Review
- Advances and challenges in experimental models of posttraumatic epilepsy for therapeutic interventions.Pharmacological reviews · 2025Review
- Therapeutic potential of adenosine receptor modulators in cancer treatment.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Exploring the Sensitivity of Peripheral ADA Levels Measurement in Establishing Psychosis Susceptibility.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2025Article
- Cannabinoids as Multitarget Drugs for the Treatment of Autoimmunity in Glaucoma.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Review
- Extracellular Purine Metabolism-Potential Target in Multiple Sclerosis.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Putative Role of Adenosine A1 Receptors in Exogenous Ketone Supplements-Evoked Anti-Epileptic Effect.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Adenosine and adenosine receptors in metabolic imbalance-related neurological issues.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2024Review
- The development status of PET radiotracers for evaluating neuroinflammation.Nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2024Review
- Highlighting the Effect of Pro-inflammatory Mediators in the Pathogenesis of Periodontal Diseases and Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2024Review
- Future Directions for Developing Non-dopaminergic Strategies for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease.Current neuropharmacology · 2024Review
- Cannabidiol at Nanomolar Concentrations Negatively Affects Signaling through the Adenosine AInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Astrocyte-targeted siRNA delivery by adenosine-functionalized LNP in mouse TBI model.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2023Article
- Strategies for Drug Delivery into the Brain: A Review on Adenosine Receptors Modulation for Central Nervous System Diseases Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Roles of Adenosine Receptor (subtypes AMolecular neurobiology · 2023Article
45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The brain immune system, which consists mainly of astrocytes, microglia and infiltrating immune cells, is quiescent normally, but it is activated in response to pathophysiological events such as ischemia, trauma, inflammation and infection. Adenosine is an endogenous purine nucleoside that is generated at sites that are subjected to these "stressful" conditions. Adenosine interacts with specific G-protein-coupled receptors on astrocytes, microglia and infiltrating immune cells to regulate the function of the immune system in the brain. Although many of the effects of adenosine on immune-competent cells in the brain protect neuronal integrity, adenosine might also aggravate neuronal injury by promoting inflammatory processes. A more complete understanding of adenosine receptor function in the brain immune system should help develop novel therapeutic ways to treat brain disorders that are associated with a dysfunctional immune response.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.