ArticleInfection and immunity2005
Synergy in polymicrobial infections in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing the impact of bacteremia and antibiotic resistance on mortality in patients with monomicrobial and polymicrobial Escherichia coli necrotizing fasciitis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
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- Microbial interactions impact stress tolerance in a model oral community.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Anaerobes in diabetic foot infections: pathophysiology, epidemiology, virulence, and management.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- A Metabolite Perspective on the Involvement of the Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Mild magnetic hyperthermia is synergistic with an antibiotic treatment against dual species biofilms consisting ofInternational journal of hyperthermia : the official journal of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology, North American Hyperthermia Group · 2023Article
- Dispersive biofilm from membrane bioreactor strains: effects of diffusible signal factor addition and characterization by dispersion index.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Polymicrobial Infections and Biofilms: Clinical Significance and Eradication Strategies.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Review
- AnF1000Research · 2021Article
- The dynamic wound microbiome.BMC medicine · 2020Review
- Biofilms in Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Significance and Clinical Relevance.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Contamination of wounds with fecal bacteria in immuno-suppressed mice.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Biological activities of Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary) extract as analyzed in microorganisms and cells.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2017Article
- Invasions of Host-Associated Microbiome Networks.Advances in ecological research · 2017Article
- Cross-talk among flesh-eating Aeromonas hydrophila strains in mixed infection leading to necrotizing fasciitis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- Staphylococcus aureus Shifts toward Commensalism in Response to Corynebacterium Species.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Article
- Biofilm models of polymicrobial infection.Future microbiology · 2015Review
- Biofilms and persistent wound infections in United States military trauma patients: a case-control analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2014Article
- Mechanisms of synergy in polymicrobial infections.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human diabetics frequently suffer delayed wound healing, increased susceptibility to localized and systemic infections, and limb amputations as a consequence of the disease. Lower-limb infections in diabetic patients are most often polymicrobial, involving mixtures of aerobic, facultative anaerobic, and anaerobic bacteria. The purpose of this study is to determine if these organisms contribute to synergy in polymicrobial infections by using diabetic mice as an in vivo model. The model was the obese diabetic mouse strain BKS.Cg-m +/+ Lepr(db)/J, a model of human type 2 diabetes. Young (5- to 6-week-old) prediabetic mice and aged (23- to 24-week-old) diabetic mice were compared. The mice were injected subcutaneously with mixed cultures containing Escherichia coli, Bacteroides fragilis, and Clostridium perfringens. Progression of the infection (usually abscess formation) was monitored by examining mice for bacterial populations and numbers of white blood cells at 1, 8, and 22 days postinfection. Synergy in the mixed infections was defined as a statistically significant increase in the number of bacteria at the site of injection when coinfected with a second bacterium, compared to when the bacterium was inoculated alone. E. coli provided strong synergy to B. fragilis but not to C. perfringens. C. perfringens and B. fragilis provided moderate synergy to each other but only in young mice. B. fragilis was anergistic (antagonistic) to E. coli in coinfections in young mice at 22 days postinfection. When age-matched nondiabetic mice (C57BLKS/J) were used as controls, the diabetic mice exhibited 5 to 35 times the number of CFU as did the nondiabetic mice, indicating that diabetes was a significant factor in the severity of the polymicrobial infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.