ArticleInfection and immunity2005
Francisella tularensis enters macrophages via a novel process involving pseudopod loops.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 115 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
115 citing papers in PubMed, 195 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structure and potential role of T6SS effector PdpC in Francisella tularensis intracellular lifestyle.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Discovery and cryoEM structure of FPM13, a periplasmic metalloprotein unique to Francisella.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Activation of B1 B cells by F. tularensis atypical LPS depends on classical complement and C3a.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Atomic Structure and Phospholipid Binding Properties of thebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Host-pathogen interactions involved in erythrocyte invasion byFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
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- Comparative analysis of absent in melanoma 2-inflammasome activation inFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Atomic Structure of IglD Demonstrates Its Role as a Component of the Baseplate Complex of themBio · 2022Article
- PdpC, a secreted effector protein of the type six secretion system, is required for erythrocyte invasion byFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Replicating bacterium-vectored vaccine expressing SARS-CoV-2 Membrane and Nucleocapsid proteins protects against severe COVID-19-like disease in hamsters.NPJ vaccines · 2021Article
- Article
- Review
- Immune lymphocytes halt replication of Francisella tularensis LVS within the cytoplasm of infected macrophages.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Stochastic dynamics of Francisella tularensis infection and replication.PLoS computational biology · 2020Article
- Inhibition of Francisella tularensis phagocytosis using a novel anti-LPS scFv antibody fragment.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Assessing the impact, genomics and evolution of type II secretion across a large, medically important genus: the Legionella type II secretion paradigm.Microbial genomics · 2019Article
- Expression of Francisella pathogenicity island protein intracellular growth locus E (IglE) in mammalian cells is involved in intracellular trafficking, possibly through microtubule organizing center.MicrobiologyOpen · 2019Article
- An In Vitro Investigation of Cytotoxic Effects of InP/Zns Quantum Dots with Different Surface Chemistries.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Gene expression of putative type VI secretion system (T6SS) genes in the emergent fish pathogen Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis in different physiochemical conditions.BMC microbiology · 2019Article
55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Intracellular bacterial pathogens employ a variety of strategies to invade their eukaryotic host cells. From an ultrastructural standpoint, the processes that bacteria employ to invade their host cells include conventional phagocytosis, coiling phagocytosis, and ruffling/triggered macropinocytosis. In this paper, we describe a novel process by which Francisella tularensis, the agent of tularemia, enters host macrophages. F. tularensis is a remarkably infectious facultative intracellular bacterial parasite--as few as 10 bacteria can cause life-threatening disease in humans. However, the ultrastructure of its uptake and the receptor mechanisms that mediate its uptake have not been reported previously. We have used fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy to examine the adherence and uptake of a virulent recent clinical isolate of F. tularensis, subspecies tularensis, and the live vaccine strain (LVS), subspecies holarctica, by human macrophages. We show here that both strains of F. tularensis enter human macrophages by a novel process of engulfment within asymmetric, spacious pseudopod loops, a process that differs ultrastructurally from all previously described uptake mechanisms. We demonstrate also that adherence and uptake of F. tularensis by macrophages is strongly dependent upon complement receptors and upon serum with intact complement factor C3 and that uptake requires actin microfilaments. These findings have significant implications for understanding the intracellular biology and virulence of this extremely infectious pathogen.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.