ArticleThe Journal of physiology2005
A difference in inward rectification and polyamine block and permeation between the Kir2.1 and Kir3.1/Kir3.4 K+ channels.
Article in The Journal of physiology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stepwise molecular specification of excitatory synapse diversity onto cerebellar Purkinje cells.Nature neuroscience · 2025Article
- Polyamines and potassium channels: A 25-year romance.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2018Review
- Bioelectrical control of positional information in development and regeneration: A review of conceptual and computational advances.Progress in biophysics and molecular biology · 2018Review
- External KThe Journal of general physiology · 2018Article
- Bioelectric gene and reaction networks: computational modelling of genetic, biochemical and bioelectrical dynamics in pattern regulation.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2017Article
- Bioelectric memory: modeling resting potential bistability in amphibian embryos and mammalian cells.Theoretical biology & medical modelling · 2015Article
- Cardiac strong inward rectifier potassium channels.Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology · 2010Review
- Blocker protection by short spermine analogs: refined mapping of the spermine binding site in a Kir channel.Biophysical journal · 2008Article
- The role of the cytoplasmic pore in inward rectification of Kir2.1 channels.The Journal of general physiology · 2007Article
- Electrostatic interactions in the channel cavity as an important determinant of potassium channel selectivity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2006Article
- Base of pore loop is important for rectification, activation, permeation, and block of Kir3.1/Kir3.4.Biophysical journal · 2006Article
- The polyamine binding site in inward rectifier K+ channels.The Journal of general physiology · 2006Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Inward rectification is caused by voltage-dependent block of the channel pore by intracellular Mg2+ and polyamines such as spermine. In the present study, we compared inward rectification in the Kir3.1/Kir3.4 channel, which underlies the cardiac current I(K,ACh), and the Kir2.1 channel, which underlies the cardiac current I(K,1). Sustained outward current at potentials positive to the K+ reversal potential was observed through Kir3.1/Kir3.4, but not Kir2.1, demonstrating that Kir3.1/Kir3.4 exhibits weaker inward rectification than Kir2.1. We show that Kir3.1/Kir3.4 is more sensitive to extracellular spermine block than Kir2.1, and that intracellular and extracellular polyamines can permeate Kir3.1/Kir3.4, but not Kir2.1, to a limited extent. We describe a simple kinetic model in which polyamines act as permeant blockers of Kir3.1/Kir3.4, but as relatively impermeant blockers of Kir2.1. The model shows the difference in sensitivity to extracellular spermine block, as well as the difference in the extent of inward rectification between the two channels. This suggests that Kir3.1/Kir3.4 exhibits weaker inward rectification than Kir2.1 because of the difference in the balance of polyamine block and permeation of the two channels.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.