ArticleGut2006
Relation between viral fitness and immune escape within the hepatitis C virus protease.
Article in Gut, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic DNA vaccination using in vivo electroporation followed by standard of care therapy in patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2013Trial
- Frequency of the Main Human Leukocyte Antigen A, B, DR, and DQ Loci Known to Be Associated with the Clearance or Persistence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in a Healthy Population from the Southern Region of Morocco: A Preliminary Study.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Adaptive Immune Responses, Immune Escape and Immune-Mediated Pathogenesis during HDV Infection.Viruses · 2022Review
- CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- In the era of rapid mRNA-based vaccines: Why is there no effective hepatitis C virus vaccine yet?World journal of hepatology · 2021Review
- Epistatic interactions promote persistence of NS3-Q80K in HCV infection by compensating for protein folding instability.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2021Article
- Expansion of Unique Hepatitis C Virus-Specific Public CD8Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- Genomic Features and Evolution of the Parapoxvirus during the Past Two Decades.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Adaptive Immune Response against Hepatitis C Virus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Chronic Viral Liver Diseases: Approaching the Liver Using T Cell Receptor-Mediated Gene Technologies.Cells · 2020Review
- Viruses Teaching Immunology: Role of LCMV Model and Human Viral Infections in Immunological Discoveries.Viruses · 2019Review
- According to Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection Stage, Interleukin-7 Plus 4-1BB Triggering Alone or Combined with PD-1 Blockade Increases TRAF1Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in Chronic HCV Infection.Current drug targets · 2017Review
- Evolution of infectious bronchitis virus in China over the past two decades.The Journal of general virology · 2016Article
- Evaluating the Role of Cellular Immune Responses in the Emergence of HCV NS3 Resistance Mutations During Protease Inhibitor Therapy.Viral immunology · 2016Observational
- A targeted controlled force injection of genetic material in vivo.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2016Article
- Article
- Immune mechanisms of vaccine induced protection against chronic hepatitis C virus infection in chimpanzees.World journal of hepatology · 2015Review
- Anti-hepatitis C virus T-cell immunity in the context of multiple exposures to the virus.PloS one · 2015Article
- Immune control and failure in HCV infection--tipping the balance.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe hepatitis C virus (HCV) mutates within human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I restricted immunodominant epitopes of the non-structural (NS) 3/4A protease to escape cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) recognition and promote viral persistence. However, variability is not unlimited, and sometimes almost absent, and factors that restrict viral variability have not been defined experimentally.
aimsWe wished to explore whether the variability of the immunodominant CTL epitope at residues 1073-1081 of the NS3 protease was limited by viral fitness. PATIENTS: Venous blood was obtained from six patients (four HLA-A2+) with chronic HCV infection and from one HLA-A2+ patient with acute HCV infection.
methodsNS3/4A genes were amplified from serum, cloned in a eukaryotic expression plasmid, sequenced, and expressed. CTL recognition of naturally occurring and artificially introduced escape mutations in HLA-A2-restricted NS3 epitopes were determined using CTLs from human blood and genetically immunised HLA-A2-transgenic mice. HCV replicons were used to test the effect of escape mutations on HCV protease activity and RNA replication.
resultsSequence analysis of NS3/4A confirmed low genetic variability. The major viral species had functional proteases with 1073-1081 epitopes that were generally recognised by cross reactive human and murine HLA-A2 restricted CTLs. Introduction of mutations at five positions of the 1073-1081 epitope prevented CTL recognition but three of these reduced protease activity and RNA replication.
conclusionsViral fitness can indeed limit the variability of HCV within immunological epitopes. This helps to explain why certain immunological escape variants never appear as a major viral species in infected humans.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.