ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2005
Genetically attenuated, P36p-deficient malarial sporozoites induce protective immunity and apoptosis of infected liver cells.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01082341 (Phase 1 and Phase 2a Clinical Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 132 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Phase 1 and Phase 2a Clinical Trial:Immunization of Human Volunteers With P. Vivax Irradiated Sporozoites
Who cites it
132 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 266 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant nonglycosylated erythrocyte binding antigen 175 Region II malaria vaccine in healthy adults living in an area where malaria is not endemic.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2010Trial
- The path from early- to late-liver stage arresting genetically attenuated parasites as a malaria vaccination strategy.NPJ vaccines · 2025Review
- A Plasmodium LARC GAP provides preerythrocytic, stage and species transcending protection in mice.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- A conserved Plasmodium nuclear protein is critical for late liver stage development.Communications biology · 2024Article
- A replication competent Plasmodium falciparum parasite completely attenuated by dual gene deletion.EMBO molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Longitudinal analysis of antibody responses to Plasmodium vivax sporozoite antigens following natural infection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- The effect of dosage on the protective efficacy of whole-sporozoite formulations for immunization against malaria.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
- Memory CD8+ T cell-mediated protection against liver-stage malaria.Immunological reviews · 2023Review
- The first complete genome of the simian malaria parasite Plasmodium brasilianum.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- A genetically engineeredScience translational medicine · 2022Article
- An In Silico Analysis of Malaria Pre-Erythrocytic-Stage Antigens Interpreting Worldwide Genetic Data to Suggest Vaccine Candidate Variants and Epitopes.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- AiScience · 2022Article
- Mid-Liver Stage Arrest ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Five decades of clinical assessment of whole-sporozoite malaria vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Review
- Screening of viral-vectored P. falciparum pre-erythrocytic candidate vaccine antigens using chimeric rodent parasites.PloS one · 2021Article
- Characterization of the Tubovesicular Network inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- The parasitophorous vacuole of the blood-stage malaria parasite.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2020Review
72 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Immunization with Plasmodium sporozoites that have been attenuated by gamma-irradiation or specific genetic modification can induce protective immunity against subsequent malaria infection. The mechanism of protection is only known for radiation-attenuated sporozoites, involving cell-mediated and humoral immune responses invoked by infected hepatocytes cells that contain long-lived, partially developed parasites. Here we analyzed sporozoites of Plasmodium berghei that are deficient in P36p (p36p(-)), a member of the P48/45 family of surface proteins. P36p plays no role in the ability of sporozoites to infect and traverse hepatocytes, but p36p(-) sporozoites abort during development within the hepatocyte. Immunization with p36p(-) sporozoites results in a protective immunity against subsequent challenge with infectious wild-type sporozoites, another example of a specifically genetically attenuated sporozoite (GAS) conferring protective immunity. Comparison of biological characteristics of p36p(-) sporozoites with radiation-attenuated sporozoites demonstrates that liver cells infected with p36p(-) sporozoites disappear rapidly as a result of apoptosis of host cells that may potentiate the immune response. Such knowledge of the biological characteristics of GAS and their evoked immune responses are essential for further investigation of the utility of an optimized GAS-based malaria vaccine.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.