ArticleJournal of virology2005
Phylodynamic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in distinct brain compartments provides a model for the neuropathogenesis of AIDS.
Article in Journal of virology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
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Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV-1 Nef sequence and functional compartmentalization in the gut is not due to differential cytotoxic T lymphocyte selective pressure.PloS one · 2013Trial
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- Involvement of lncRNAs NEAT1 and ZBTB11-AS1 in Active and Persistent HIV-1 Infection in C20 Human Microglial Cell Line.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Distinct HIV-1 Population Structure across Meningeal and Peripheral T Cells and Macrophage Lineage Cells.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- A Daily-Updated Database and Tools for Comprehensive SARS-CoV-2 Mutation-Annotated Trees.Molecular biology and evolution · 2021Article
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- Microglial Cells: The Main HIV-1 Reservoir in the Brain.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2019Review
- Ultradeep single-molecule real-time sequencing of HIV envelope reveals complete compartmentalization of highly macrophage-tropic R5 proviral variants in brain and CXCR4-using variants in immune and peripheral tissues.Journal of neurovirology · 2018Article
- Identification of Emerging Macrophage-Tropic HIV-1 R5 Variants in Brain Tissue of AIDS Patients without Severe Neurological Complications.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Tissue-resident macrophages can contain replication-competent virus in antiretroviral-naive, SIV-infected Asian macaques.JCI insight · 2017Article
- HIV DNA Is Frequently Present within Pathologic Tissues Evaluated at Autopsy from Combined Antiretroviral Therapy-Treated Patients with Undetectable Viral Loads.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- The meningeal lymphatic system: a route for HIV brain migration?Journal of neurovirology · 2016Review
- Phylogenetics and Phyloanatomy of HIV/SIV Intra-Host Compartments and Reservoirs: The Key Role of the Central Nervous System.Current HIV research · 2016Review
- Identification of dual-tropic HIV-1 using evolved neural networks.Bio Systems · 2015Article
- Envelope gene evolution and HIV-1 neuropathogenesis.Journal of neuroinfectious diseases · 2015Article
- Migration pattern of hepatitis A virus genotype IA in North-Central Tunisia.Virology journal · 2015Article
- Article
- Spatiotemporal dynamics of simian immunodeficiency virus brain infection in CD8+ lymphocyte-depleted rhesus macaques with neuroAIDS.The Journal of general virology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
"Phylodynamic" analysis combines various statistical procedures that can be used to correlate the epidemiological and evolutionary behavior of viral pathogens with the immune system of the host. We utilized this approach to examine human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 envelope DNA sequences (V1, V2, and V3) isolated from different brain compartments of a T-cell-depleted patient diagnosed with severe HIV-associated dementia at the time of death. In agreement with previous reports, phylogenetic analysis showed distinct virodemes but also revealed a significant amount of viral gene flow among different brain compartments. Local-molecular-clock analysis showed that HIV-1 meninges and temporal lobe subpopulations evolve about 30 and 100 times faster, respectively, than the other viral populations in the brain. However, maximum likelihood codon-based substitution models did not detect any site under significant positive selective pressure, and the main cause of HIV-1 genetic variation appeared to be random genetic drift. Therefore, the higher evolutionary rate in the meninges and temporal lobe could be due to an enhanced infection/expansion rate of macrophages as a consequence of the immune system failure. In conclusion, in this case study, viral infection in the brain progressed with a nonspecific genetic evolution, recurrent migration events, and an expansion of macrophage-tropic sequences. The data suggest that after immune failure newly produced viral variants, which would be rapidly cleared under normal conditions, begin to productively infect macrophages in a "self-amplifying" cycle of infection/inflammatory response that could be at the origin of HIV-associated dementia.
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Registered trials
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