Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16102542›Full record

ArticleNeuron2005

Contrast adaptation and representation in human early visual cortex.

Justin L Gardner, Pei Sun, R Allen Waggoner, Kenichi Ueno, Keiji Tanaka, Kang Cheng

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neuron, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 118 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
118citing papers in PubMed
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

118 citing papers in PubMed, 213 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Occipital transcranial magnetic stimulation has an activity-dependent suppressive effect.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2012
    Trial
  3. Visual Responsivity in Autism: Measuring Visual Responses in Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults Using Psychophysics, fMRI, and EEG.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
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  8. Article
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  11. Visual adaptation stronger at the horizontal than the vertical meridian: Linking performance with V1 cortical surface area.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  12. Heterogeneous Effects of Cognitive Arousal on the Contrast Response in Human Visual Cortex.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Impact of Rod-Dominant Mesopic Conditions on Spatial Summation and Surround Suppression in Early Visual Cortex.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

58 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Justin L GardnerLaboratory for Cognitive Brain Mapping, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. justin@cns.nyu.edu
Pei Sun
R Allen Waggoner
Kenichi Ueno
Keiji Tanaka
Kang Cheng
RIKEN Center for Brain Science · JP

Funding

Contrast adaptation and attention in human visual cortexF32EY016260 · NEI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY · PI GARDNER, JUSTIN L · 2004 to 2006
$149k
NEI NIH HHS F32 EY016260NEI NIH HHS F32 EY016260-01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The human visual system can distinguish variations in image contrast over a much larger range than measurements of the static relationship between contrast and response in visual cortex would suggest. This discrepancy may be explained if adaptation serves to re-center contrast response functions around the ambient contrast, yet experiments on humans have yet to report such an effect. By using event-related fMRI and a data-driven analysis approach, we found that contrast response functions in V1, V2, and V3 shift to approximately center on the adapting contrast. Furthermore, we discovered that, unlike earlier areas, human V4 (hV4) responds positively to contrast changes, whether increments or decrements, suggesting that hV4 does not faithfully represent contrast, but instead responds to salient changes. These findings suggest that the visual system discounts slow uninformative changes in contrast with adaptation, yet remains exquisitely sensitive to changes that may signal important events in the environment.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PhysiologicalAdultContrast SensitivityEvoked Potentials, VisualFunctional LateralityHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMalePhotic StimulationReaction TimeRetinaTime FactorsVisual CortexVisual FieldsVisual Pathways

Identifiers

PMID16102542
PMCPMC1475737
OpenAlexW2055305451

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.