ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2005
The striatofugal fiber system in primates: a reevaluation of its organization based on single-axon tracing studies.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers.
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99 citing papers in PubMed, 208 citations in OpenAlex.
- Motor cortex directly excites the substantia nigra pars reticulata, the basal ganglia output nucleus.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Subthalamic CaMKIIα-expressing neurons facilitate recovery from propofol anesthesia via the STN-ventral pallidum pathway.Cell biology and toxicology · 2026Article
- In Humans, fMRI Reveals That Striosome-Like and Matrix-Like Striatal Voxels Are Engaged in Different Phases of Movement.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- Striosome-Like Structural Connectivity Is Reduced in the Rostral Putamen in Anxiety Disorder.Depression and anxiety · 2026Article
- Regional heterogeneity of striatal cholinergic interneurons: setting the stage for diverse behavioral repertoires.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Functional vs anatomical cortico-striatal connectivity in the macaque brain.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Translational Evidence for Dopaminergic Rewiring of the Basal Ganglia in Persons with Schizophrenia.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Correlation of repetitive behaviors in deer mice with striatal mRNA expression of endogenous opioids and mu, delta, kappa, and dopamine receptors: A preliminary report.Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Matrix-biased excitatory and inhibitory inputs to the striatum involving external segment of the globus pallidus.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Article
- Striosomes control dopamine via dual pathways paralleling canonical basal ganglia circuits.Current biology : CB · 2024Article
- Neural pathways associated with reduced rigidity during pallidal deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease.Journal of neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Striosomes Target Nigral Dopamine-Containing Neurons via Direct-D1 and Indirect-D2 Pathways Paralleling Classic Direct-Indirect Basal Ganglia Systems.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Analysis of striatal connectivity corresponding to striosomes and matrix in de novo Parkinson's disease and isolated REM behavior disorder.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2024Article
- Patch and matrix striatonigral neurons differentially regulate locomotion.Research square · 2024Article
- Globus pallidus is not independent from striatal direct pathway neurons: an up-to-date review.Molecular brain · 2024Review
- Comparison of unitary synaptic currents generated by indirect and direct pathway neurons of the mouse striatum.Journal of neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Architecture of the subthalamic nucleus.Communications biology · 2024Review
- Cell and circuit complexity of the external globus pallidus.Nature neuroscience · 2023Review
- In humans, striato-pallido-thalamic projections are largely segregated by their origin in either the striosome-like or matrix-like compartments.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Dendritic involvement in inhibition and disinhibition of vulnerable dopaminergic neurons in healthy and pathological conditions.Neurobiology of disease · 2022Review
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The current model of basal ganglia rests on the idea that the striatofugal system is composed of two separate (direct and indirect) pathways originating from distinct cell populations in the striatum. The striatum itself is divided into two major compartments, the striosomes and the matrix, which differ by their neurochemical makeup and input/output connections. Here, neurons located in either striosomes or the extrastriosomal matrix in squirrel monkeys were injected with biotin dextran amine, and their labeled axons were entirely reconstructed with a camera lucida. Twenty-four of 27 reconstructed axons arborized into the three main striatal targets (external pallidum, globus pallidus, and substantia nigra pars reticulata), a finding that is at odds with the concept of a dual striatofugal system. Axons of striosomal neurons formed several columnar terminal fields in the substantia nigra pars reticulata. These data indicate that the substantia nigra pars compacta is neither the only nor the main target of striosomal neurons, a finding that calls for a reevaluation of the organization of the striatonigral projection system.
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