ArticleMolecular biology of the cell2005
TOR complex 2 integrates cell movement during chemotaxis and signal relay in Dictyostelium.
Article in Molecular biology of the cell, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers.
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Who cites it
114 citing papers in PubMed, 199 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-range mutual activation establishes Rho and Rac polarity during cell migration.Nature cell biology · 2026Article
- Dictyostelium discoideum chemotaxis is altered by hypoxia to orient streaming toward higher oxygen levels.BMC molecular and cell biology · 2025Article
- Two endogenousProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Mechanosensitive mTORC2 independently coordinates leading and trailing edge polarity programs during neutrophil migration.Molecular biology of the cell · 2023Article
- An integrated, cross-regulation pathway model involving activating/adaptive and feed-forward/feed-back loops for directed oscillatory cAMP signal-relay/response during the development ofFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- Dynamics of Actin Cytoskeleton and Their Signaling Pathways during Cellular Wound Repair.Cells · 2022Article
- CRISPR/Cas9-based genome-wide screening of Dictyostelium.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Chronic Activation of AMPK Induces Mitochondrial Biogenesis through Differential Phosphorylation and Abundance of Mitochondrial Proteins inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- The principles of directed cell migration.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2021Review
- Article
- The Dynamics of Aerotaxis in a Simple Eukaryotic Model.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- Ras, PI3K and mTORC2 - three's a crowd?Journal of cell science · 2020Review
- Phosphorylation Sites in Protein Kinases and Phosphatases Regulated by Formyl Peptide Receptor 2 Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Article
- mTORC1/AMPK responses define a core gene set for developmental cell fate switching.BMC biology · 2019Article
- Phosphorylated Rho-GDP directly activates mTORC2 kinase towards AKT through dimerization with Ras-GTP to regulate cell migration.Nature cell biology · 2019Article
- Caffeine inhibits PI3K and mTORC2 in Dictyostelium and differentially affects multiple other cAMP chemoattractant signaling effectors.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2019Article
- Akt and SGK protein kinases are required for efficient feeding by macropinocytosis.Journal of cell science · 2019Article
- An endogenous chemorepellent directs cell movement by inhibiting pseudopods at one side of cells.Molecular biology of the cell · 2019Article
- The physiological regulation of macropinocytosis duringJournal of cell science · 2018Article
54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Dictyostelium cells form a multicellular organism through the aggregation of independent cells. This process requires both chemotaxis and signal relay in which the chemoattractant cAMP activates adenylyl cyclase through the G protein-coupled cAMP receptor cAR1. cAMP is produced and secreted and it activates receptors on neighboring cells, thereby relaying the chemoattractant signal to distant cells. Using coimmunoprecipitation and mass spectrometric analyses, we have identified a TOR-containing complex in Dictyostelium that is related to the TORC2 complex of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and regulates both chemotaxis and signal relay. We demonstrate that mutations in Dictyostelium LST8, RIP3, and Pia, orthologues of the yeast TORC2 components LST8, AVO1, and AVO3, exhibit a common set of phenotypes including reduced cell polarity, chemotaxis speed and directionality, phosphorylation of Akt/PKB and the related PKBR1, and activation of adenylyl cyclase. Further, we provide evidence for a role of Ras in the regulation of TORC2. We propose that, through the regulation of chemotaxis and signal relay, TORC2 plays an essential role in controlling aggregation by coordinating the two essential arms of the developmental pathway that leads to multicellularity in Dictyostelium.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.