ArticleJournal of virology2005
Gamma interferon can block herpes simplex virus type 1 reactivation from latency, even in the presence of late gene expression.
Article in Journal of virology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed, 139 citations in OpenAlex.
- Living rent free in your head: resident memory T cells.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Review
- Reactivation of Latent Herpesviruses and a Faulty Antiviral Response may Contribute to Chronic Multi-Symptom and Multi-System Illnesses in U.S. Military Veterans.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
- Immunological Control of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection: A Non-Thermal Plasma-Based Approach.Viruses · 2025Review
- Models of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency.Viruses · 2024Review
- The Intersection of Innate Immune Pathways with the Latent Herpes Simplex Virus Genome.Journal of virology · 2023Review
- The potential role of ischaemia-reperfusion injury in chronic, relapsing diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Long COVID, and ME/CFS: evidence, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications.The Biochemical journal · 2022Review
- A Human Stem Cell-Derived Neurosensory-Epithelial Circuitry on a Chip to Model Herpes Simplex Virus Reactivation.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Mucosal immunology of the ocular surface.Mucosal immunology · 2022Review
- Comparative transcriptome analysis of MDBK cells reveals that BoIFN-γ augmented host immune responses to bovine herpesvirus 1 infection.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Differential roles of interferons in innate responses to mucosal viral infections.Trends in immunology · 2021Review
- The Role of Tissue Resident Memory CD4 T Cells in Herpes Simplex Viral and HIV Infection.Viruses · 2021Review
- Local Immune Control of Latent Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 in Ganglia of Mice and Man.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Long COVID or Post-acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC): An Overview of Biological Factors That May Contribute to Persistent Symptoms.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Persistent Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection of Enteric Neurons Triggers CD8Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Patterns of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Infection in Neural Progenitor Cells.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- ThymicPeptides Reverse Immune Exhaustion in Patients with Reactivated Human Alphaherpesvirus1 Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Herpes Simplex Virus 1-Specific CD8Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Interferon-Gamma Modulation of the Local T Cell Response to Alphavirus Encephalomyelitis.Viruses · 2020Article
- Review
- Mechanisms of Immune Control of Mucosal HSV Infection: A Guide to Rational Vaccine Design.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-specific CD8+ T cells and the cytokine gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) are persistently present in trigeminal ganglia (TG) harboring latent HSV-1. We define "latency" as the retention of functional viral genomes in sensory neurons without the production of infectious virions and "reactivation" as a multistep process leading from latency to virion assembly. CD8+ T cells can block HSV-1 reactivation in ex vivo mouse TG cultures and appear to be the sole source of IFN-gamma in these cultures. Here we demonstrate that IFN-gamma alone can block HSV-1 reactivation in some latently infected neurons, and we identify points of intervention in the life cycle of the reactivating virus. Cell suspensions of TG that were latently infected with recombinant RE HSV-1 expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein from the promoter for infected cell protein 0 (ICP0) or glycoprotein C (gC) were depleted of endogenous CD8+ or CD45+ cells and cultured in the presence or absence of IFN-gamma. Our results demonstrate that IFN-gamma acts on latently infected neurons to inhibit (i) HSV-1 reactivation, (ii) ICP0 promoter activity, (iii) gC promoter activity, and (iv) reactivation in neurons in which the ICP0 or gC promoter is active. Interestingly, we detected transcripts for ICP0, ICP4, and gH in neurons that expressed the ICP0 promoter but were prevented by IFN-gamma from reactivation and virion formation. Thus, the IFN-gamma blockade of HSV-1 reactivation from latency in neurons is associated with an inhibition of the expression of the ICP0 gene (required for reactivation) and a blockade of a step that occurs after the expression of at least some viral structural genes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.