Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16043697›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2005

Iron and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation.

Ehud Banin, Michael L Vasil, E Peter Greenberg

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 360 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
360citing papers in PubMed
8.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

360 citing papers in PubMed, 780 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Biofilm dispersion byJournal of bacteriology · 2026
    Article
  3. Identification of iron and zinc responsive TonB-dependent transporters in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. TheMicroorganisms · 2026
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. TheJournal of bacteriology · 2026
    Article
  13. Phage-Mediated Iron Acquisition bybioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  14. ThemBio · 2026
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Transcriptional and cellular reprogramming inCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2026
    Article
  17. Frontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Disruption of quorum sensing and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by plant-based O-methylated flavonoids.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2025
    Article
  20. Review

300 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Ehud BaninDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7242, USA.
Michael L Vasil
E Peter Greenberg
University of Colorado Health · USUniversity of Washington · US

Funding

QUORUM SENSING IN PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSAR01GM059026 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI GREENBERG, EVERETT P · 1999 to 2019
$6.5M
Iron and O2 in the Regulation of P. aeruginosa VirulenceR37AI015940 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI VASIL, MICHAEL L. · 2003 to 2012
$5.1M
IRON, O2 AND ITS ELEMENTS IN EXOTOXIN A EXPRESSIONR01AI015940 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI VASIL, MICHAEL L. · 1985 to 2003
$1.2M
NIAID NIH HHS AI 15940NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI015940NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI015940NIGMS NIH HHS GM 59026NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM059026
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Iron serves as a signal in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm development. We examined the influence of mutations in known and putative iron acquisition-signaling genes on biofilm morphology. In iron-sufficient medium, mutants that cannot obtain iron through the high-affinity pyoverdine iron acquisition system form thin biofilms similar to those formed by the parent under low iron conditions. If an iron source for a different iron acquisition system is provided to a pyoverdine mutant, normal biofilm development occurs. This enabled us to identify iron uptake gene clusters that likely serve in transport of ferric citrate and ferrioxamine. We suggest that the functional iron signal for P. aeruginosa biofilm development is active transport of chelated iron or the level of internal iron. If the signal is internal iron levels, then a factor likely to be involved in iron signaling is the cytoplasmic ferric uptake regulator protein, Fur, which controls expression of iron-responsive genes. In support of a Fur involvement, we found that with low iron a Fur mutant was able to organize into more mature biofilms than was the parent. The two known Fur-controlled small regulatory RNAs (PrrF1 and F2) do not appear to mediate iron control of biofilm development. This information establishes a mechanistic basis for iron control of P. aeruginosa biofilm formation.

Indexed as

Bacterial ProteinsBiofilmsBiological Transport, ActiveGenes, BacterialIronMultigene FamilyMutationOligopeptidesPeptide SynthasesPseudomonas aeruginosaRepressor ProteinsSignal TransductionBacterial Proteinsferric uptake regulating proteins, bacterialIronOligopeptidesPeptide Synthasespyoverdinpyoverdine synthetase protein, PseudomonasRepressor Proteins

Identifiers

PMID16043697
PMCPMC1182440
OpenAlexW1635778238

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.