ArticleInfection and immunity2005
Growth characteristics of and virulence factor production by group A Streptococcus during cultivation in human saliva.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Engineered probiotic overcomes pathogen defences using signal interference and antibiotic production to treat infection in mice.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
- CandyCollect: at-home saliva sampling for capture of respiratory pathogens.Lab on a chip · 2022Article
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- Effect of erythritol and xylitol on Streptococcus pyogenes causing peritonsillar abscesses.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Vaccine-induced, but not natural immunity, against the Streptococcal inhibitor of complement protects against invasive disease.NPJ vaccines · 2021Article
- A quantitative Streptococcus pyogenes-human protein-protein interaction map reveals localization of opsonizing antibodies.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Functional and Proteomic Analysis ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Streptococcal inhibitor of complement (SIC) modulates fibrinolysis and enhances bacterial survival within fibrin clots.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2018Article
- Signaling by a Conserved Quorum Sensing Pathway Contributes to GrowthInfection and immunity · 2018Article
- Novel Two-Component System of Streptococcus sanguinis Affecting Functions Associated with Viability in Saliva and Biofilm Formation.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
- Protein SIC Secreted fromFrontiers in immunology · 2018Observational
- Proteogenomics in Aid of Host-Pathogen Interaction Studies: A Bacterial Perspective.Proteomes · 2017Review
- Regulatory gene mutation: a driving force behind group a Streptococcus strain- and serotype-specific variation.Molecular microbiology · 2017Review
- Two-component signal transduction systems in oral bacteria.Journal of oral microbiology · 2017Review
- Prevalence of M75Frontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- L-arginine destabilizes oral multi-species biofilm communities developed in human saliva.PloS one · 2015Article
- Disease manifestations and pathogenic mechanisms of Group A Streptococcus.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Group A Streptococcus (GAS) commonly infects the human oropharynx, but the initial molecular events governing this process are poorly understood. Saliva is a major component of the innate and acquired immune defense in this anatomic site. Although landmark studies were done more than 60 years ago, investigation of GAS-saliva interaction has not been addressed extensively in recent years. Serotype M1 GAS strain MGAS5005 cultured in human saliva grew to approximately 10(7) CFU/ml and, remarkably, maintained this density for up to 28 days. Strains of several other M-protein serotypes had similar initial growth patterns but did not maintain as high a CFU count during prolonged culture. As revealed by analysis of the growth of isogenic mutant strains, the ability of GAS to maintain high numbers of CFU/ml during the prolonged stationary phase in saliva was dependent on production of streptococcal inhibitor of complement (Sic) and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SpeB). During cultivation in human saliva, GAS had growth-phase-dependent production of multiple proven and putative extracellular virulence factors, including Sic, SpeB, streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A, Mac protein, and streptococcal phospholipase A(2). Our results clearly show that GAS responds in a complex fashion to growth in human saliva, suggesting that the molecular processes that enhance colonization and survival in the upper respiratory tract of humans are well under way before the organism reaches the epithelial cell surface.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.