ArticleGenes and immunity2005
Haplotype tagging efficiency in worldwide populations in CTLA4 gene.
Article in Genes and immunity, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of CTLA-4 A49G polymorphism on rheumatoid arthritis risk: a meta-analysis.Diagnostic pathology · 2014Pooled it
- Searching for "monogenic diabetes" in dogs using a candidate gene approach.Canine genetics and epidemiology · 2014Article
- CTLA4 autoimmunity-associated genotype contributes to severe pulmonary tuberculosis in an African population.PloS one · 2009Article
- Article
- Family-based association study of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 with susceptibility to Graves' disease in Han population of Taiwan.Genes and immunity · 2008Article
- Signatures of strong population differentiation shape extended haplotypes across the human CD28, CTLA4, and ICOS costimulatory genes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2007Article
- Intra- and interpopulation genotype reconstruction from tagging SNPs.Genome research · 2007Article
- Comparison of ENCODE region SNPs between Cebu Filipino and Asian HapMap samples.Journal of human genetics · 2007Article
- The portability of tagSNPs across populations: a worldwide survey.Genome research · 2006Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) acts as a potent negative regulator of T-cell response, and has been suggested as a pivotal candidate gene for autoimmune disorders such as Graves' disease, type 1 diabetes and autoimmune hypothyroidism, among others. Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been proposed as the susceptibility variants, or to be in strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) with the variant. Nevertheless, contradictory results have been found, which may be due to lack of knowledge of the genetic structure of CTLA4 and its geographic variation. We have typed 17 SNPs throughout the CTLA4 gene region in order to analyze the haplotype diversity and LD structure in a worldwide population set (1262 individuals from 44 populations) to understand the variation pattern of the region. Allele and haplotype frequency differentiation between populations is consistent with genomewide averages and points to a lack of strong population-specific selection pressures. LD is high and its pattern is not significantly different within or between continents. However, haplotype composition is significantly different between geographical groups. A continent-specific set of haplotype tagging SNPs has been designed to be used for future association studies. These are portable among populations, although their efficiency might vary depending on the population haplotype spectrum.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.