ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2005
Gene targeting of VEGF-A in thymus epithelium disrupts thymus blood vessel architecture.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Angiogenic Factors Correlate with T Cell Immune Reconstitution and Clinical Outcomes after Double-Unit Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation in Adults.Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation · 2017Trial
- Blastocyst complementation: current progress and future directions in xenogeneic organogenesis.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Vhl safeguards thymic epithelial cell identity and thymopoietic capacity by constraining Hif1a activity during development.iScience · 2024Article
- Generation of rat forebrain tissues in mice.Cell · 2024Article
- Chimeric Livers: Interspecies Blastocyst Complementation and Xenotransplantation for End-Stage Liver Disease.Hepatic medicine : evidence and research · 2024Review
- In vitro and in vivo functions of T cells produced in complemented thymi of chimeric mice generated by blastocyst complementation.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Thymus Functionality Needs More Than a Few TECs.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The road to generating transplantable organs: from blastocyst complementation to interspecies chimeras.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2021Article
- Radiation inducible MafB gene is required for thymic regeneration.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- High-resolution 3D imaging uncovers organ-specific vascular control of tissue aging.Science advances · 2021Article
- Non-Epithelial Stromal Cells in Thymus Development and Function.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Pleiotropic Roles of VEGF in the Microenvironment of the Developing Thymus.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
- Pluripotent stem cell-derived organogenesis in the rat model system.Transgenic research · 2019Review
- FOXK1 promotes glioblastoma proliferation and metastasis through activation of Snail transcription.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2018Article
- Production of BMP4 by endothelial cells is crucial for endogenous thymic regeneration.Science immunology · 2018Article
- FOXK1 facilitates cell proliferation through regulating the expression of p21, and promotes metastasis in ovarian cancer.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Oncogene FOXK1 enhances invasion of colorectal carcinoma by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Current Bioengineering Methods for Whole Kidney Regeneration.Stem cells international · 2015Review
- Thymus involution and regeneration: two sides of the same coin?Nature reviews. Immunology · 2013Review
- Blastocyst complementation generates exogenic pancreas in vivo in apancreatic cloned pigs.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The thymus harbors an organ-typical dense network of branching and anastomosing blood vessels. To address the molecular basis for morphogenesis of this thymus-specific vascular pattern, we have inactivated a key vascular growth factor, VEGF-A, in thymus epithelial cells (TECs). Both Vegf-A alleles were deleted in TECs by a complementation strategy termed nude mouse [mutated in the transcription factor Foxn1 (forkhead box N1)] blastocyst complementation. Injection of Foxn1(+/+) ES cells into Foxn1(nu/nu) blastocysts reconstituted a functional thymus. By dissecting thymus stromal cell subsets, we have defined, in addition to medullary TECs (mTECs) and cortical TECs (cTECs), another prominent stromal cell subset designated cortical mesenchymal cells (cMes). In chimeric thymi, mTECs and cTECs but not cMes were exclusively ES cell-derived. According to this distinct origin, the Vegf-A gene was deleted in mTECs and cTECs, whereas cMes still expressed Vegf-A. This genetic mosaic was associated with hypovascularization and disruption of the organ-typical network of vascular arcades. Thus, vascular growth factor production by TECs is required for normal thymus vascular architecture. These experiments provide insights into Foxn1-dependent and Foxn1-independent stromal cell development and demonstrate the value of this chimeric approach to analyzing gene function in thymus epithelium.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.