ReviewClinical microbiology reviews2005
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in developing countries: epidemiology, microbiology, clinical features, treatment, and prevention.
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00844493 (Validation of Low-dose ETEC Challenge Model in U.S. Adults and Re-challenge of Immune Subjects With a Homologous ETEC Strain), which is not on this map. Cited by 398 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Validation of Low-dose ETEC Challenge Model in U.S. Adults and Re-challenge of Immune Subjects With a Homologous ETEC Strain (H10407)
Who cites it
398 citing papers in PubMed, 950 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of ETVAX, a vaccine against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-positive diarrhoea in Gambian children: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2b trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2026Trial
- Safety and immunogenicity of ETVAX®, an oral inactivated vaccine against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhoea: a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial amongst Finnish travellers to Benin, West Africa.Journal of travel medicine · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Safety and immunogenicity of the oral, inactivated, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vaccine ETVAX in Bangladeshi children and infants: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 1/2 trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Impact of lower challenge doses of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli on clinical outcome, intestinal colonization and immune responses in adult volunteers.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Trial
- Th1 and Th17 Responses to LTB and Colonization Factors Following Oral ETEC Vaccination.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Review
- Fecal sludge and adjacent drinking water as reservoirs of multidrug resistant ESBL-producing pathogenic Escherichia coli in Rohingya Camps, Bangladesh.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Draft genome ofMicrobiology resource announcements · 2026Article
- Genomic characterization of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli lineage 2 (CS2 + CS3) by long-read sequencing reveals distinct lineage-specific genome organization.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Estimating time-varying cholera transmission and oral cholera vaccine effectiveness in Haiti and Cameroon, 2021-2023.BMJ open · 2026Article
- One Health Perspective on the EnterotoxigenicMicroorganisms · 2026Review
- Controlled immobilization of single-domain antibodies using cellulose-binding modules for ABRSC advances · 2026Article
- Impact of Oral Pre-Exposure Secretory IgA Prophylactic Produced in Rice on Gut Microbiome Homeostasis.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Ultrasensitive Impedimetric Electrochemical DNA Biosensor for Detection of EnterotoxigenicACS omega · 2026Article
- Prevalence of enteric pathogens in mothers and children from communities in the La Paz River Basin Bolivia; associations with water, sanitation, and hygiene conditions.Journal of water and health · 2026Article
- Article
- Pathotype-specific antimicrobial resistance in diarrheagenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Systemic and mucosal immunity to enterotoxigenicFrontiers in immunology · 2026Review
338 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
ETEC is an underrecognized but extremely important cause of diarrhea in the developing world where there is inadequate clean water and poor sanitation. It is the most frequent bacterial cause of diarrhea in children and adults living in these areas and also the most common cause of traveler's diarrhea. ETEC diarrhea is most frequently seen in children, suggesting that a protective immune response occurs with age. The pathogenesis of ETEC-induced diarrhea is similar to that of cholera and includes the production of enterotoxins and colonization factors. The clinical symptoms of ETEC infection can range from mild diarrhea to a severe cholera-like syndrome. The effective treatment of ETEC diarrhea by rehydration is similar to treatment for cholera, but antibiotics are not used routinely for treatment except in traveler's diarrhea. The frequency and characterization of ETEC on a worldwide scale are inadequate because of the difficulty in recognizing the organisms; no simple diagnostic tests are presently available. Protection strategies, as for other enteric infections, include improvements in hygiene and development of effective vaccines. Increases in antimicrobial resistance will dictate the drugs used for the treatment of traveler's diarrhea. Efforts need to be made to improve our understanding of the worldwide importance of ETEC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.