Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16020684›Full record

ReviewClinical microbiology reviews2005

Effects of vitamin a supplementation on immune responses and correlation with clinical outcomes.

Eduardo Villamor, Wafaie W Fawzi

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 149 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
149citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
11.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

149 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 403 citations in OpenAlex.

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89 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Eduardo VillamorDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA. evillamo@hsph.harvard.edu
Wafaie W Fawzi
Harvard University · US

Funding

Vitamins, Breast Milk HIV Shedding and Child HealthR01HD045134 · NICHD · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI VILLAMOR, EDUARDO · 2004 to 2006
$1.2M
NICHD NIH HHS 1R01HD045134NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD045134
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vitamin A supplementation to preschool children is known to decrease the risks of mortality and morbidity from some forms of diarrhea, measles, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and malaria. These effects are likely to be the result of the actions of vitamin A on immunity. Some of the immunomodulatory mechanisms of vitamin A have been described in clinical trials and can be correlated with clinical outcomes of supplementation. The effects on morbidity from measles are related to enhanced antibody production and lymphocyte proliferation. Benefits for severe diarrhea could be attributable to the functions of vitamin A in sustaining the integrity of mucosal epithelia in the gut, whereas positive effects among HIV-infected children could also be related to increased T-cell lymphopoiesis. There is no conclusive evidence for a direct effect of vitamin A supplementation on cytokine production or lymphocyte activation. Under certain circumstances, vitamin A supplementation to infants has the potential to improve the antibody response to some vaccines, including tetanus and diphtheria toxoids and measles. There is limited research on the effects of vitamin A supplementation to adults and the elderly on their immune function; currently available data provide no consistent evidence for beneficial effects. Additional studies with these age groups are needed.

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansImmunityInfantInfectionsPregnancyRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTreatment OutcomeVitamin AVitamin A

Identifiers

PMID16020684
PMCPMC1195969
OpenAlexW2152973003

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.