ArticleJournal of periodontology2005
Resistance of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts to the cytolethal distending toxin of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.
Article in Journal of periodontology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Virulence and Pathogenicity Properties ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Article
- Cell culture models of oral mucosal barriers: A review with a focus on applications, culture conditions and barrier properties.Tissue barriers · 2018Review
- The Cytolethal Distending Toxin Contributes to Microbial Virulence and Disease Pathogenesis by Acting As a Tri-Perditious Toxin.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2016Review
- Article
- A new functional site W115 in CdtA is critical for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal distending toxin.PloS one · 2013Article
- Cytolethal distending toxin damages the oral epithelium of gingival explants.Journal of dental research · 2011Article
- Targeted inhibition of CD133+ cells in oral cancer cell lines.Journal of dental research · 2011Article
- Evaluation of the humoral immune response to the cytolethal distending toxin of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Y4 in subjects with localized aggressive periodontitis.Oral microbiology and immunology · 2009Article
- Functional and structural characterization of chimeras of a bacterial genotoxin and human type I DNAse.FEMS microbiology letters · 2009Article
- Role of aromatic amino acids in receptor binding activity and subunit assembly of the cytolethal distending toxin of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.Infection and immunity · 2008Article
- Role of intrachain disulfides in the activities of the CdtA and CdtC subunits of the cytolethal distending toxin of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.Infection and immunity · 2006Article
- Characterization of point mutations in the cdtA gene of the cytolethal distending toxin of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.Molecular microbiology · 2005Article
- Differential effect of the cytolethal distending toxin of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans on co-cultures of human oral cells.Journal of medical microbiology · 2005Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a typical member of this Gram-negative bacterium holotoxin family that targets a wide spectrum of eukarytotic cells, typically causing cell cycle arrest at either the G(1) or G(2)/M phase of the cell cycle. In view of the possible role of the CDT as a prominent A. actinomycetemcomitans virulence factor in periodontal diseases, we have examined the effects of the toxin on primary cultures of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLF).
methodsHPLF and an immortalized human gingival epithelial cell line, GMSM-K, were exposed to recombinant A. actinomycetemcomitans CDT. Effects of the toxin on cell proliferation and cell cycle were assessed by a cell viability assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Double-strand DNA damage was detected by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Binding of the toxin and its individual subunits to HPLF was examined by immunofluorescence microscopy.
resultsViability of HPLF was not reduced following prolonged exposure to the CDT. There was no indication of cell cycle arrest or double-strand DNA damage. GMSM-K cells exhibited morphological alterations and a rapid decrease in cell viability within 6 and 12 hours, respectively, following exposure to the toxin for 5 minutes. These effects were dependent on toxin dose and age of the cultures and occurred more rapidly compared to CDT-treated HeLa cells. CDT-treated GMSM-K cells displayed cell cycle arrest at the S phase of growth and double-strand DNA damage was observed by 6 hours post-intoxication. Holotoxin and the CdtA subunit were detected on the surface of both HPLF and epithelial cells.
conclusionsThese results demonstrate that HPLF are resistant to the cytotoxic effects of the A. actinomycetemcomitans CDT. The mechanism of resistance is not known but may be related to the inability of the toxin to cause DNA damage. The difference in sensitivities of HPLF and oral epithelial cells to the CDT has important implications for the role of this putative microbial virulence factor in periodontal pathogenesis.
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