ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2005
Quantitative PCR assay using sputum samples for rapid diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia in adult emergency department patients.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sputum Gram Stain for Bacterial Pathogen Diagnosis in Community-acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-analysis of Diagnostic Accuracy and Yield.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Pooled it
- Usefulness of sputum gram stain for etiologic diagnosis in community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A Phase 2 study of the novel fluoroquinolone JNJ-Q2 in community-acquired bacterial pneumonia.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2013Trial
- Diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia using quantitative PCR targeting lytA and piaB in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Clinical validation of a novel multiplex real-time PCR for diagnosing community-acquired pneumonia in the emergency department: a promising diagnostic tool forFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- How to identify respiratory pathogens in primary health care - a review on the benefits, prospects and pitfalls in using point of care tests.Infection · 2025Review
- Respiratory pathogens in community acquired pneumonia.Bioinformation · 2025Article
- Optimizing Diagnosis and Management of Community-acquired Pneumonia in the Emergency Department.Emergency medicine clinics of North America · 2024Review
- Article
- Pro-resolving and pro-inflammatory fatty acid-derived mediators in sputum of stable state bronchiectasis patients.Respiratory research · 2022Observational
- ARDS Clinical Practice Guideline 2021.Journal of intensive care · 2022Article
- High prevalence of multiple serotypes of pneumococci in patients with pneumonia and their associated risk factors.Thorax · 2022Article
- Culture of all sputum samples irrespective of quality adds value to the diagnosis of pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2019Article
- Article
- Evolving Understanding of the Causes of Pneumonia in Adults, With Special Attention to the Role of Pneumococcus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017Review
- Utility of oropharyngeal real-time PCR for S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae for diagnosis of pneumonia in adults.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2017Article
- Nasopharyngeal bacterial load as a marker for rapid and easy diagnosis of invasive pneumococcal disease in children from Mozambique.PloS one · 2017Article
- Comprehensive Molecular Testing for Respiratory Pathogens in Community-Acquired Pneumonia.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Article
- Provider Decisions to Treat Respiratory Illnesses with Antibiotics: Insights from a Randomized Controlled Trial.PloS one · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia in the acute-care setting remains a challenge due to the inadequate sensitivity of conventional diagnostic tests. Sputum cultures, which are likely to have the highest diagnostic yields of all specimen types, have been considered unreliable, due to their inability to differentiate colonization from infection. Our objective was to evaluate the potential clinical utility of a rapid quantitative real-time PCR assay using sputum samples for Streptococcus pneumoniae in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). A prospective clinical observational study of consecutively enrolled emergency department patients with CAP was performed; only those patients with excess good-quality sputum samples were included for evaluation. Sputum samples were tested for the presence of S. pneumoniae by using a quantitative PCR that targets the pneumolysin gene. PCR findings were compared with those of a composite reference standard comprising Gram staining of sputum samples and sputum/blood cultures. The area under the curve (AUC) and a log-transformed threshold, which provides the maximal sensitivity and specificity, were calculated. Of 487 subjects enrolled, 129 were evaluable. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated an AUC of 0.87. Sensitivity and specificity were 90.0 percent and 80.0 percent, respectively; positive and negative predictive values were 58.7 percent and 96.2 percent, respectively. We have demonstrated that a quantitative rapid pneumolysin PCR assay has favorable accuracy for diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia in adult patients with CAP; this assay may be a useful diagnostic adjunct for clinicians, particularly those practicing in the acute-care setting, where rapid pathogen identification may assist in selection of the most appropriate antibiotics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.