ArticleJournal of virology2005
A human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 regulatory element enhances the immunogenicity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA vaccines in mice and nonhuman primates.
Article in Journal of virology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 117 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
117 citing papers in PubMed, 166 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- A DNA vaccine for Ebola virus is safe and immunogenic in a phase I clinical trial.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2006Trial
- Pan-Ebolavirus nanoparticle vaccine provides protection in rodents from lethal infection by Zaire and Sudan viruses.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Defining the molecular interaction between influenza hemagglutinin and MHC-II.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Stabilization of the H5 clade 2.3.4.4b hemagglutinin improves vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibody responses in mice.Science translational medicine · 2026Article
- Therapeutic hepatitis B vaccine employing DNA prime - MVA boost scheme requires additional priming with recombinant HBsAg to elicit an adequate antibody response.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Modifying non-coding regions of linear DNA vaccines to explore the interplay of expression and inflammation in immunogenicity.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Human Coronavirus HKU1 Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies Target Diverse Epitopes Within and Around the TMPRSS2 Receptor Binding Site.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Rare twin cysteine residues in the HIV-1 envelope variable region 1 link to neutralization escape and breadth development.Cell host & microbe · 2025Article
- Combinatorial immune refocusing within the influenza hemagglutinin RBD improves cross-neutralizing antibody responses.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Antigen spacing on protein nanoparticles influences antibody responses to vaccination.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Trapping the HIV-1 V3 loop in a helical conformation enables broad neutralization.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2023Article
- Combinatorial immune refocusing within the influenza hemagglutinin head elicits cross-neutralizing antibody responses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Antigen spacing on protein nanoparticles influences antibody responses to vaccination.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Rare, convergent antibodies targeting the stem helix broadly neutralize diverse betacoronaviruses.Cell host & microbe · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- EnhancedJournal of virology · 2022Article
- Vaccine-elicited murine antibody WS6 neutralizes diverse beta-coronaviruses by recognizing a helical stem supersite of vulnerability.Structure (London, England : 1993) · 2022Article
- Zika virus-like particle vaccine fusion loop mutation increases production yield but fails to protect AG129 mice against Zika virus challenge.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Plasmid DNA vaccines elicit potent and protective immune responses in numerous small-animal models of infectious diseases. However, their immunogenicity in primates appears less potent. Here we investigate a novel approach that optimizes regulatory elements in the plasmid backbone to improve the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines. Among various regions analyzed, we found that the addition of a regulatory sequence from the R region of the long terminal repeat from human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) to the cytomegalovirus (CMV) enhancer/promoter increased transgene expression 5- to 10-fold and improved cellular immune responses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antigens. In cynomolgus monkeys, DNA vaccines containing the CMV enhancer/promoter with the HTLV-1 R region (CMV/R) induced markedly higher cellular immune responses to HIV-1 Env from clades A, B, and C and to HIV-1 Gag-Pol-Nef compared with the parental DNA vaccines. These data demonstrate that optimization of specific regulatory elements can substantially improve the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines encoding multiple antigens in small animals and in nonhuman primates. This strategy could therefore be explored as a potential method to enhance DNA vaccine immunogenicity in humans.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.