ReviewJournal of clinical pathology2005
Axillary apocrine carcinoma with benign apocrine tumours: a case report involving a pathological and immunohistochemical study and review of the literature.
Review in Journal of clinical pathology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rare Localization of Extramammary Paget's Disease in the Axilla: A Case Report and Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Case Report: Primary cutaneous apocrine carcinoma mimicking breast carcinoma - a rare diagnostic challenge.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Case Report: A Pathological Odyssey in Primary Cutaneous Apocrine Carcinoma.F1000Research · 2023Article
- Poorly differentiated cutaneous apocrine carcinomas: histopathological clues and immunohistochemical analysis for the diagnosis of this unusual neoplasm.Histopathology · 2023Article
- Apocrine cystomatosis: From the aspect of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Veterinarni medicina · 2023Article
- Delayed and Synchronous Recurrence of Breast Cancer Metastases in Multiple Organs.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2022Article
- Axillary Apocrine Adenocarcinoma: a Diagnostic Challenge.Indian journal of surgical oncology · 2022Article
- A case of generalised cutaneous apocrine cystomatosis in a Pekingese dog.Veterinary medicine and science · 2022Article
- Breast Apocrine Carcinoma Detected Incidentally as Axillary Lymphadenopathy in a CT Scan.Cureus · 2021Article
- Sentinel lymph node biopsy of primary apocrine sweat gland carcinoma of the axilla: A case report and review of the literature.International journal of surgery case reports · 2020Article
- Apocrine carcinoma of the scalp with neck lymph node metastasis: A case report and review of the literature.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2019Article
- Primary cutaneous apocrine gland carcinoma from areolar tissue in a male patient with gynecomastia: a case report.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2015Article
- Cutaneous apocrine carcinoma in groin with bilateral lymph node metastasis: a case report and review of the literature.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2014Review
- Primary cutaneous apocrine carcinoma of sweat glands: a rare case report.Case reports in oncology · 2011Article
- Primary cutaneous apocrine carcinoma arising within a congenital nevus: Keratins and filaggrin expression suggesting differentiation into the secretory cells of apocrine glands.Oncology letters · 2010Article
- Immunohistochemical phenotype of cutaneous cribriform carcinoma with a panel of 15 antibodies.Medical molecular morphology · 2007Article
- Skin adnexal neoplasms--part 2: an approach to tumours of cutaneous sweat glands.Journal of clinical pathology · 2007Review
- Bilateral multiple axillary apocrine hidrocystomas associated with benign apocrine hyperplasia.Journal of clinical pathology · 2006Article
- Isolated Tubular Apocrine Adenoma of Axilla: Atypical Microscopic Manifestations in an Uncommon Entity.Indian journal of dermatologyArticle
- Primary Cutaneous Apocrine Carcinoma of the Scalp: A Rare Case Report.Asian journal of neurosurgeryArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundApocrine carcinoma is rare and often occurs in the axilla. This is the second apocrine carcinoma arising in bilateral axillae with associated apocrine hyperplasia to be reported. AIMS/
methodsBecause benign apocrine tumours may be precursors of cancer, this case was investigated immunohistochemically and histologically, and a literature (English and Japanese) review undertaken of cases with coexistent malignant and benign apocrine tumours in the axilla to elucidate the relation between apocrine carcinoma and benign apocrine tumours.
resultsOnly four cases of axillary apocrine carcinoma with benign apocrine tumours were identified in the literature. In each case, benign apocrine hyperplasia was situated within and surrounding the adenocarcinomatous nests. Staining for epithelial membrane antigen revealed three patterns: (1) poorly differentiated tumour cells showing strong cytoplasmic staining; (2) combined luminal surface and cytoplasmic staining of glandular cells; and (3) a strongly positive lineal staining pattern at the luminal membrane surface, comprising one or two apocrine hyperplastic secretory cells. The basal lesions of apocrine hyperplasia were strongly positive for alpha smooth muscle actin, whereas the periphery of adenomatous lesions showed weaker positive staining, even though the periphery of adenocarcinomatous lesions was negative.
conclusionsAll five apocrine carcinomas with benign apocrine tumours occurred in elderly Japanese men who had bilateral benign apocrine tumours even if affected by unilateral axillary apocrine carcinoma. The immunohistochemical results support the notion that apocrine hyperplasia is a precursor of cancer and that apocrine carcinoma, adenoma, and hyperplasia may be successive steps in the linear progression to carcinoma.
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