ArticleInfection and immunity2005
Endocrine perturbation increases susceptibility of mice to anthrax lethal toxin.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Some Peculiarities of Anthrax Epidemiology in Herbivorous and Carnivorous Animals.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Anthrax and the inflammasome.Microbes and infection · 2012Review
- New insights into the biological effects of anthrax toxins: linking cellular to organismal responses.Microbes and infection · 2012Review
- Cellular and physiological effects of anthrax exotoxin and its relevance to disease.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2012Review
- Multigenic control and sex bias in host susceptibility to spore-induced pulmonary anthrax in mice.Infection and immunity · 2011Article
- Tissue expression of steroid hormone receptors is associated with differential immune responsiveness.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2011Article
- AMPD3 is involved in anthrax LeTx-induced macrophage cell death.Protein & cell · 2011Article
- Review
- Susceptibility to anthrax lethal toxin-induced rat death is controlled by a single chromosome 10 locus that includes rNlrp1.PLoS pathogens · 2010Article
- Cellular and systemic effects of anthrax lethal toxin and edema toxin.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2009Review
- Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin represses MMTV promoter activity through transcription factors.Journal of molecular biology · 2009Article
- Pathophysiology of anthrax.Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) · 2009Review
- The role of glucocorticoids and progestins in inflammatory, autoimmune, and infectious disease.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2008Review
- The large clostridial toxins from Clostridium sordellii and C. difficile repress glucocorticoid receptor activity.Infection and immunity · 2007Article
- Article
- Anthrax edema toxin sensitizes DBA/2J mice to lethal toxin.Infection and immunity · 2007Article
- Lethal and edema toxins in the pathogenesis of Bacillus anthracis septic shock: implications for therapy.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2007Review
- Neural regulation of innate immunity: a coordinated nonspecific host response to pathogens.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2006Review
- Anthrax lethal toxin induces ketotifen-sensitive intradermal vascular leakage in certain inbred mice.Infection and immunity · 2006Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin (LT) causes vascular collapse and high lethality in BALB/cJ mice, intermediate lethality in C57BL/6J mice, and no lethality in DBA/2J mice. We found that adrenalectomized (ADX) mice of all three strains had increased susceptibility to LT. The increased susceptibility of ADX-DBA/2J mice was not accompanied by changes in their macrophage sensitivity or cytokine response to LT. DBA/2J mice showed no change in serum corticosteroid levels in response to LT injection, while BALB/cJ mice showed a fivefold increase in serum corticosterone. However, LT inhibited dexamethasone (DEX)-induced glucocorticoid receptor gene activation to similar extents in all three strains. DEX treatment did not rescue ADX mice from LT-mediated mortality. Surprisingly, oral DEX treatment also sensitized adrenally intact DBA/2J mice to LT lethality at all doses tested and also exacerbated LT-mediated pathogenesis and mortality in BALB/cJ mice. Aldosterone did not protect ADX mice from toxin challenge. These results indicate that susceptibility to anthrax LT in mice depends on a fine but easily perturbed balance of endocrine functions. Thus, the potentially detrimental consequences of steroid therapy for anthrax must be considered in treatment protocols for this disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.