ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2005
Risk for schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychosis among patients with epilepsy: population based cohort study.
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 258 citations in OpenAlex.
- The prevalence of psychosis in epilepsy; a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2014Pooled it
- Is traumatic brain injury a risk factor for schizophrenia? A meta-analysis of case-controlled population-based studies.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2011Pooled it
- Psychiatric comorbidities and sleep quality in Epilepsy: A Cross-sectional study in tribal population of Mayurbhanj district of Odisha.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2026Article
- Shared Genetic Basis and Causality Between Epilepsy and Psychiatric Disorders: Evidence From a Comprehensive Genetic Analysis.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Association between probable postictal psychosis and subsequent diagnosis of primary psychotic disorders: a retrospective cohort study.BMJ neurology open · 2026Article
- Redefining the practical roles of psychiatrists in epilepsy care: A framework for collaboration in Japan.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Review
- Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and risk factors for psychosis in people with epilepsy: A multicenter retrospective cohort study.Epilepsia · 2025Article
- Influence of Epilepsy Characteristics on the Anxiety Occurrence.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Multimorbidity and the Etiology of Schizophrenia.Current psychiatry reports · 2024Review
- The Emerging Role of Toll-Like Receptor-Mediated Neuroinflammatory Signals in Psychiatric Disorders and Acquired Epilepsy.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Assessing the prevalence of psychotic symptoms in epileptic patients at a tertiary clinic.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2023Article
- Seizure burden and neuropsychological outcomes of new-onset refractory status epilepticus: Systematic review.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Improved psychotic symptoms following resection of amygdalar low-grade glioma: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2022Article
- Factors not considered in the study of drug-resistant epilepsy: Psychiatric comorbidities, age, and gender.Epilepsia open · 2022Review
- Psychotic Disorders in Epilepsy: Do They Differ from Primary Psychosis?Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2022Article
- Temporal Lobectomy: Does It Worsen or Improve Presurgical Psychiatric Disorders?Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2022Review
- Association Between Psychiatric Comorbidities and Mortality in Epilepsy.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2021Article
- Postictal Psychosis in Epilepsy: A Clinicogenetic Study.Annals of neurology · 2021Article
- Dysregulation of GABAergic Signaling in Neurodevelomental Disorders: Targeting Cation-Chloride Co-transporters to Re-establish a Proper E/I Balance.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Review
- Individual vulnerabilities to psychosis after antiepileptic drug administration.BMJ neurology open · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate whether age at onset of epilepsy, type of epilepsy, family history of psychosis, or family history of epilepsy affect the risk of schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychosis among patients with epilepsy.
designComparison of population based data.
settingDanish longitudinal registers. SUBJECTS: The cohort comprised 2.27 million people.
main outcome measuresEpilepsy, psychosis, personal birth data.
resultsWe found an increased risk of schizophrenia (relative risk 2.48, 95% confidence interval 2.20 to 2.80) and schizophrenia-like psychosis (2.93, 2.69 to 3.20) in people with a history of epilepsy. The effect of epilepsy was the same in men and in women and increased with age. Family history of psychosis and a family history of epilepsy were significant risk factors for schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychosis, and the effect of epilepsy, both in cases and families, was greater among people with no family history of psychosis. In addition, the increased risk for schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychosis did not differ by type of epilepsy but increased with increasing number of admissions to hospital and, particularly, was significantly greater for people first admitted for epilepsy at later ages.
conclusionsThere is a strong association between epilepsy and schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychosis. The two conditions may share common genetic or environmental causes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.