ReviewBiochimica et biophysica acta2005
Connexin-based gap junction hemichannels: gating mechanisms.
Review in Biochimica et biophysica acta, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 203 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
203 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 407 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adherens, tight, and gap junctions in ependymal cells: A systematic review of their contribution to CSF-brain barrier.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Connexin 50 mediates disease-relevant alpha-synuclein oligomer propagation and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disease.iScience · 2026Article
- Connexin-Pannexin duality in glioblastoma.Cell and tissue research · 2026Review
- Lipid dependence of connexin-32 gap junction channel conformations.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Targeting Connexin 43 in Retinal Astrocytes Promotes Neuronal Survival in Glaucomatous Injury.Glia · 2025Article
- Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels Play a Central Role in Caenorhabditis elegans Response to Noxious Heat.Neurochemical research · 2025Article
- The Unexplored Role of Connexin Hemichannels in Promoting Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Lack of canonical activities of connexins in highly aggressive human prostate cancer cells.Biological research · 2024Article
- Connexin-43 in Cancer: Above and Beyond Gap Junctions!Cancers · 2024Review
- The Involvement of Glial Cells in Blood-Brain Barrier Damage in Neuroimmune Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Integrative analyses identified gap junction beta-2 as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for breast cancer.Cancer innovation · 2024Article
- Spatiotemporally selective astrocytic ATP dynamics encode injury information sensed by microglia following brain injury in mice.Nature neuroscience · 2024Article
- Connexin hemichannels drive lactation-induced osteocyte acidification and perilacunar-canalicular remodeling.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Protector Role of Cx30.2 in Pancreatic β-Cell against Glucotoxicity-Induced Apoptosis.Biology · 2024Article
- Connexin Gap Junction Channels and Hemichannels: Insights from High-Resolution Structures.Biology · 2024Review
- Article
- Measurement of CaMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Permeation Through Connexin Channels.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Functional Consequences of Pathogenic Variants of theBiomolecules · 2023Review
- Connexin 43 Phosphorylation: Implications in Multiple Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
143 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Connexins (Cxs) form hemichannels and gap junction channels. Each gap junction channel is composed of two hemichannels, also termed connexons, one from each of the coupled cells. Hemichannels are hexamers assembled in the ER, the Golgi, or a post Golgi compartment. They are transported to the cell surface in vesicles and inserted by vesicle fusion, and then dock with a hemichannel in an apposed membrane to form a cell-cell channel. It was thought that hemichannels should remain closed until docking with another hemichannel because of the leak they would provide if their permeability and conductance were like those of their corresponding cell-cell channels. Now it is clear that hemichannels formed by a number of different connexins can open in at least some cells with a finite if low probability, and that their opening can be modulated under various physiological and pathological conditions. Hemichannels open in different kinds of cells in culture with conductance and permeability properties predictable from those of the corresponding gap junction channels. Cx43 hemichannels are preferentially closed in cultured cells under resting conditions, but their open probability can be increased by the application of positive voltages and by changes in protein phosphorylation and/or redox state. In addition, increased activity can result from the recruitment of hemichannels to the plasma membrane as seen in metabolically inhibited astrocytes. Mutations of connexins that increase hemichannel open probability may explain cellular degeneration in several hereditary diseases. Taken together, the data indicate that hemichannels are gated by multiple mechanisms that independently or cooperatively affect their open probability under physiological as well as pathological conditions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.