ReviewHeart failure reviews2005
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of mineralocorticoid blocking agents and their effects on potassium homeostasis.
Review in Heart failure reviews, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 185 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of Spironolactone in treating patients with acne vulgaris: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 1,086 patients.Archives of dermatological research · 2025Pooled it
- Estradiol and Spironolactone Plasma Pharmacokinetics Among Brazilian Transgender Women Using HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis: Analysis of Potential Interactions.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2023Trial
- Effects of spironolactone on extrasystoles and heart rate variability in haemodialysis patients: a randomised crossover trial.Upsala journal of medical sciences · 2021Trial
- Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Single-Dose Esaxerenone in Japanese Subjects with Mild to Moderate Hepatic Impairment.Advances in therapy · 2020Trial
- Single- and multiple-dose escalation study to assess pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of oral esaxerenone in healthy Japanese subjects.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2018Trial
- Rationale and Design of the ATHENA-HF Trial: Aldosterone Targeted Neurohormonal Combined With Natriuresis Therapy in Heart Failure.JACC. Heart failure · 2016Trial
- Biochemical characteristics associated with spironolactone use in hospitalized patients with hypotonic hyponatraemia.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Dose-Response Relationships and Comparative Efficacy of Aldosterone Synthase Inhibitors in Resistant Hypertension: A Comprehensive Network Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in Dialysis.American journal of nephrology · 2026Review
- The Impact of Cirrhosis Severity and Spironolactone on Sex Hormone Levels in Men.Gastro hep advances · 2026Article
- Resistant Hypertension: Integration of Novel Agents and Interventional Approaches in Clinical Practice.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Finerenone: Extending MRAs Prognostic Benefit to the Recently Hospitalized and More Symptomatic Patient with HFpEF.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in Diabetic Kidney Disease: Clinical Evidence and Potential Adverse Events.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025Article
- Prenatal exposure to the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone disrupts hippocampal area CA2 connectivity and alters behavior in mice.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Mineralocorticoid receptor overactivation: targeting systemic impact with non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists.Diabetologia · 2024Review
- Biomarkers to Guide Medical Therapy in Primary Aldosteronism.Endocrine reviews · 2024Review
- Association of spironolactone use with risk of urinary tract cancer in the general population: A matched population-based cohort study.PloS one · 2024Article
- Aldosterone Antagonism Is More Effective at Reducing Blood Pressure and Excessive Renal ENaC Activity in AngII-Infused Female Rats Than in Males.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2023Article
- Aldosterone: Essential for Life but Damaging to the Vascular Endothelium.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- A Comprehensive Outlook on Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM): State-Of-The-Art Developments with Special Emphasis on OMICS-Based Approaches.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2022Review
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Spironolacotone and eplerenone are mineralocorticoid-blocking agents used for their ability to block both the epithelial and non-epithelial actions of aldosterone. Spironolactone is a non-selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist with moderate affinity for both progesterone and androgen receptors. The latter property increases the likelihood of endocrine side effects with spironolactone including loss of libido, menstrual irregularities, gynecomastia and impotence. Eplerenone is a next generation aldosterone receptor antagonist selective for aldosterone receptors alone. This lesser affinity for progesterone and androgen receptors was arrived at by replacing the 17-alpha -thioacetyl group of spironolactone with a carbomethoxy group. Eplerenone is further distinguished from spironolactone by its shorter half-life and the fact that it does not have any active metabolites. Both eplerenone and spironolactone are effective antihypertensive agents and each has been shown to improve the morbidity and mortality of heart failure. Eplerenone or spironolactone use can increase serum potassium values and occasionally results in clinically relevant hyperkalemia. This is more apt to occur with spironolactone due to the very long half-life of several of its active metabolites.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.