ReviewClinical medicine & research2003
Tobacco cessation in primary care: maximizing intervention strategies.
Review in Clinical medicine & research, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Using a brief web-based 5A intervention to improve weight management in primary care: results of a cluster-randomized controlled trial.BMC family practice · 2021Trial
- Predicting and influencing voice therapy adherence using social-cognitive factors and mobile video.American journal of speech-language pathology · 2015Trial
- A group-randomized tobacco trial among 30 Pacific Northwest colleges: results from the Campus Health Action on Tobacco study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2010Trial
- Assessing AI-generated smoking cessation advice for patient education in primary care.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Navigating smoking cessation in healthcare: a pilot study of the SMOKE AKAT questionnaire among family medicine residents.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Understanding health disparities affecting utilization of tobacco treatment in low-income patients in an urban health center in Southern California.Preventive medicine reports · 2021Article
- Impact of a Web-Based Clinical Decision Support System to Assist Practitioners in Addressing Physical Activity and/or Healthy Eating for Smoking Cessation Treatment: Protocol for a Hybrid Type I Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2020Article
- Acquaintance and Approach in the Direction of Tobacco Cessation Among Dental Practitioners-A Systematic Review.International journal of preventive medicine · 2020Review
- Igniting activation: Using unannounced standardized patients to measure patient activation in smoking cessation.Addictive behaviors reports · 2019Article
- Perceived barriers of tobacco dependence treatment: a mixed-methods study among primary healthcare physicians in Armenia.Primary health care research & development · 2019Article
- Addition of one session with a specialist counselor did not increase efficacy of a family physician-led smoking cessation program.The Journal of international medical research · 2018Observational
- Five A's counseling in weight management of obese patients in primary care: a cluster-randomized controlled trial (INTERACT).BMC family practice · 2018Article
- Rural areas are disproportionately impacted by smoking and lung cancer.Preventive medicine reports · 2018Article
- Antenatal tobacco use and iron deficiency anemia: integrating tobacco control into antenatal care in urban India.Reproductive health · 2018Observational
- A pilot investigation of the impact of smoking cessation on biological age.The American journal on addictions · 2017Article
- Treatment Outcomes From a Specialist Model for Treating Tobacco Use Disorder in a Medical Center.Medicine · 2015Observational
- Teachable moments and missed opportunities for smoking cessation counseling in a hospital emergency department: a mixed-methods study of patient-provider communication.BMC health services research · 2014Article
- An electronic screen for triaging adolescent substance use by risk levels.JAMA pediatrics · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The most effective preventive intervention that a clinician can provide for tobacco-using patients against heart disease, cancer, cerebrovascular disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an empathic, personalized smoking cessation intervention program with extended assistance and follow-up. The goal of the intervention must be complete smoking cessation. Reduction provides no direct health benefits to the individual smoker. Interventions are readily available, but underutilized, in part due to lack of clinician training and organizational support. The present article summarizes the current guidelines for smoking cessation interventions as a framework from which to start. The guidelines incorporate the Transtheoretical Model of patient behavioral change and the "Five A's": Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist and Arrange. Pharmacotherapeutic tools, including nicotine replacement therapies (nicotine gums, patches, nasal sprays, inhalers and new therapies) and non-nicotine therapies (bupropion, clonidine, nortriptyline and other antidepressants and anxiolytics) are considered. Adherence validation methods, new approaches to tobacco and addiction treatment that appear in the recent research literature are reviewed. Beyond this framework, specific categories of tobacco users (including smokeless tobacco users), cultural and ethnic minorities, adolescents using snuff and bidis, women, Medicaid recipients, and users of multiple forms of tobacco require special consideration. With this framework and the modifications that may be required for specific categories of patients, practicing clinicians can incorporate into daily practice a successful tobacco cessation intervention program with quit rates approaching 20%.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.