ArticleHearing research2005
Cytoplasmic and intra-nuclear binding of gentamicin does not require endocytosis.
Article in Hearing research, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drug Discovery Targeting Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors for Hearing Loss.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Cycling molecular assemblies for Golgi imaging and disruption.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Recoding of Nonsense Mutation as a Pharmacological Strategy.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Measurement of Salmonella enterica Internalization and Vacuole Lysis in Epithelial Cells.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Identifying targets to prevent aminoglycoside ototoxicity.Molecular and cellular neurosciences · 2022Review
- Photochemical Internalization as a New Strategy to Enhance Efficacy of Antimicrobial Agents Against Intracellular Infections.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Type I interferon remodels lysosome function and modifies intestinal epithelial defense.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Atoh1 Directs Regeneration and Functional Recovery of the Mature Mouse Vestibular System.Cell reports · 2019Article
- Uncoordinated maturation of developing and regenerating postnatal mammalian vestibular hair cells.PLoS biology · 2019Article
- Inflammation up-regulates cochlear expression of TRPV1 to potentiate drug-induced hearing loss.Science advances · 2019Article
- Dye Tracking Following Posterior Semicircular Canal or Round Window Membrane Injections Suggests a Role for the Cochlea Aqueduct in Modulating Distribution.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2019Article
- Advances in therapeutic use of a drug-stimulated translational readthrough of premature termination codons.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2018Review
- Potential Mechanisms Underlying Inflammation-Enhanced Aminoglycoside-Induced Cochleotoxicity.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2017Review
- Impact of Gentamicin Concentration and Exposure Time on IntracellularFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2017Article
- Gentamicin nephrotoxicity in animals: Current knowledge and future perspectives.EXCLI journal · 2017Review
- Rhodamine analogues for molecular ruler applications.Dyes and pigments : an international journal · 2016Article
- A versatile toolbox for posttranscriptional chemical labeling and imaging of RNA.Nucleic acids research · 2016Article
- Local mechanisms for loud sound-enhanced aminoglycoside entry into outer hair cells.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2015Article
- Uptake of fluorescent gentamicin by peripheral vestibular cells after systemic administration.PloS one · 2015Article
- Sodium-glucose transporter-2 (SGLT2; SLC5A2) enhances cellular uptake of aminoglycosides.PloS one · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Understanding the cellular mechanism(s) by which the oto- and nephrotoxic aminoglycoside antibiotics penetrate cells, and the precise intracellular distribution of these molecules, will enable identification of aminoglycoside-sensitive targets, and potential uptake blockers. Clones of two kidney cell lines, OK and MDCK, were treated with the aminoglycoside gentamicin linked to the fluorophore Texas Red (GTTR). As in earlier reports, endosomal accumulation was observed in live cells, or cells fixed with formaldehyde only. However, delipidation of fixed cells revealed GTTR fluorescence in cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments. Immunolabeling of both GTTR and unconjugated gentamicin corresponded to the cytoplasmic distribution of GTTR fluorescence. Intra-nuclear GTTR binding co-localized with labeled RNA in the nucleoli and trans-nuclear tubules. Cytoplasmic and nuclear distribution of GTTR was quenched by phosphatidylinositol-bisphosphate (PIP2), a known ligand for gentamicin. Cytoplasmic and nuclear GTTR binding increased over time (at 37 degrees C, or on ice to inhibit endocytosis), and was serially competed off by increasing concentrations of unconjugated gentamicin, i.e., GTTR binding is saturable. In contrast, little or no reduction of endocytotic GTTR uptake was observed when cells were co-incubated with up to 4 mg/mL unconjugated gentamicin. Thus, cytoplasmic and nuclear GTTR uptake is time-dependent, weakly temperature-dependent and saturable, suggesting that it occurs via an endosome-independent mechanism, implicating ion channels, transporters or pores in the plasma membrane as bioregulatory routes for gentamicin entry into cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.