ArticlePsychopharmacology2005
The four-plates test-retest paradigm to discriminate anxiolytic effects.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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8 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rapid and sustained symptom reduction following psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life-threatening cancer: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2016Trial
- Psilocybin for End-of-Life Anxiety Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Psychiatry investigation · 2021Article
- Blockade of the cholecystokinin CCK-2 receptor prevents the normalization of anxiety levels in the rat.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2020Article
- Phf8 loss confers resistance to depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors in mice.Nature communications · 2017Article
- 5-HT2A Agonists: A Novel Therapy for Functional Neurological Disorders?The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2017Article
- Psychedelics.Pharmacological reviews · 2016Review
- Regulating prefrontal cortex activation: an emerging role for the 5-HT₂A serotonin receptor in the modulation of emotion-based actions?Molecular neurobiology · 2013Review
- Selective effects of benzodiazepines on the acquisition of conditioned taste aversion compared to attenuation of neophobia in C57BL/6 mice.Psychopharmacology · 2009Article
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5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
rationaleAnimal models of anxiety such as the four-plates test (FPT) enable the detection of an anxiolytic effect not only of benzodiazepines (BZDs) but also of other non-BZD anxiolytic compounds such as the antidepressants paroxetine and venlafaxine. Retesting mice in animal models of anxiety markedly alters the behavioural profile of various drugs.
objectivesThe aim of this study was first to investigate the function of GABA(A)/BZD receptor and passive avoidance acquisition in the FPT "test-retest". The second aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of the FPT to discriminate BZDs from other non-BZD anxiolytics in experienced mice.
methodsThe FPT was performed in naive and experienced mice (submitted to the test 24 h previously). The drugs studied were two BZDs, diazepam (1 mg/kg) and alprazolam (0.25 mg/kg); flumazenil, a GABA(A) receptor antagonist (8 mg/kg); atropine sulphate, a muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist (4 mg/kg) known for its amnesic properties; paroxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (4 and 8 mg/kg); venlafaxine, a serotonin and noradrenalin reuptake inhibitor (4 and 16 mg/kg); and DOI, a 5-HT2A agonist (1 mg/kg).
resultsOur results reveal an increase of anxiety (decrease of punished passages) in saline-experienced mice. Diazepam, alprazolam, paroxetine and venlafaxine did not prevent the increase in anxiety during retest, revealing a passive avoidance acquisition. Flumazenil did not modify the anxiogenic-like behaviour of experienced mice. In contrast, atropine seems to oppose the increase of anxiety; however, its effect is weak and disputable. DOI was the only anxiolytic compound able to oppose the decrease of punished passages of experienced mice.
conclusionAnxiogenic behaviour on retesting indicates aversive learning. The protocol test-retest is unable to discriminate between the anxiolytic effect of BZDs from that of paroxetine or venlafaxine. However, this modified model may constitute a new tool to investigate other neural pathways implicated in anxiety.
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