ArticleGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2005
Identification of Chlamydia pneumoniae within human choroidal neovascular membranes secondary to age-related macular degeneration.
Article in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Periodontal Disease and Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Meta-Analysis of 112,240 Participants.BioMed research international · 2020Pooled it
- Serological association of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection with age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2014Pooled it
- Exploring Endotoxemia in Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Glaucoma, and Diabetic Retinopathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Review
- Toll-like receptor 9 in retinal pigment epithelial cells: Expression, function and the role of TGF-β1.Molecular vision · 2026Article
- Early-life peripheral infections reprogram retinal microglia and aggravate neovascular age-related macular degeneration in later life.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Article
- Incomplete response to Anti-VEGF therapy in neovascular AMD: Exploring disease mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2021Review
- Immunological Aspects of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Article
- A Proinflammatory Function of Toll-Like Receptor 2 in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium as a Novel Target for Reducing Choroidal Neovascularization in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.The American journal of pathology · 2017Article
- Observational
- Calcium, ARMS2 genotype, and Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in early age-related macular degeneration: a multivariate analysis from the Nagahama study.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Association of gene polymorphism with serum levels of inflammatory and angiogenic factors in Pakistani patients with age-related macular degeneration.Molecular vision · 2015Article
- Gene expression regulation in retinal pigment epithelial cells induced by viral RNA and viral/bacterial DNA.Molecular vision · 2015Article
- The Immune System and AMD.Current ophthalmology reports · 2014Article
- Activation of Rap1 inhibits NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS generation in retinal pigment epithelium and reduces choroidal neovascularization.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2014Article
- The oxidative stress product carboxyethylpyrrole potentiates TLR2/TLR1 inflammatory signaling in macrophages.PloS one · 2014Article
- Microarray analysis of gene expression in West Nile virus-infected human retinal pigment epithelium.Molecular vision · 2012Article
- Chlamydia infection status, genotype, and age-related macular degeneration.Molecular vision · 2012Article
- Macrophage activation associated with chronic murine cytomegalovirus infection results in more severe experimental choroidal neovascularization.PLoS pathogens · 2012Article
- Low-dose lipopolysaccharide pretreatment suppresses choroidal neovascularization via IL-10 induction.PloS one · 2012Article
- Complement factor H 402H variant and reticular macular disease.Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in the United States, and increasing evidence suggests that it is an inflammatory disease. The prokaryotic obligate intracellular pathogen Chlamydia pneumoniae is emerging as a novel risk factor in cardiovascular disease, and recent sero-epidemiological data suggest that C. pneumoniae infection is also associated with AMD. In this study, we examined choroidal neovascular membrane (CNV) tissue from patients with neovascular AMD for the presence of C. pneumoniae and determined whether the pathogen can dysregulate the function of key cell types in ways that can cause neovascular AMD. Nine CNV removed from patients with neovascular AMD were examined for the presence of C. pneumoniae by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR); in addition, we performed PCR on nine non-AMD eyes, and IHC on five non-AMD CNV, seven non-AMD eyes, and one internal limiting membrane specimen. Finally, human monocyte-derived macrophages and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells were exposed to C. pneumoniae and assayed in vitro for the production of pro-angiogenic immunomodulators (VEGF, IL-8, and MCP-1). C. pneumoniae was detected in four of nine AMD CNV by IHC and two of nine AMD CNV by PCR, induced VEGF production by human macrophages, and increased production of IL-8 and MCP-1 by RPE cells. In contrast, none of the 22 non-AMD specimens showed evidence for C. pneumoniae. These data indicate that a pathogen capable of inducing chronic inflammation and pro-angiogenic cytokines can be detected in some AMD CNV, and suggest that infection may contribute to the pathogenesis of AMD.
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