Evidence map›Paper›PMID 15900495›Full record

ArticleImmunogenetics2005

Chicken TAP genes differ from their human orthologues in locus organisation, size, sequence features and polymorphism.

Brian A Walker, Andrew van Hateren, Sarah Milne, Stephan Beck, Jim Kaufman

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Immunogenetics, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Brian A WalkerInstitute For Animal Health, Compton, Nr Newbury, Berkshire, RG20 7NN, UK.
Andrew van Hateren
Sarah Milne
Stephan Beck
Jim Kaufman
Organic Research Centre · GBWellcome Sanger Institute · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We have previously shown that in the chicken major histocompatibility complex, the two transporters associated with antigen processing genes (TAP1 and TAP2) are located head to head between two classical class I genes. Here we show that the region between these two TAP genes has transcription factor-binding sites in common with class I gene promoters. The TAP genes are also up-regulated by interferon-gamma in a similar way to mammalian TAP genes and in a way that suggests they are both transcribed from a bi-directional promoter. The gene structures of TAP1 and TAP2 differ from that of human TAPs in that TAP1 has a truncated exon 1 and TAP2 has fused exons, resulting in a much smaller gene size. The truncation of TAP1 results in the loss of approximately 150 amino acids, which are thought to be involved in endoplasmic reticulum retention, heterodimer formation and tapasin binding, compared to human TAP1. Most of the protein sequence features involved in binding ATP are conserved, with two exceptions: chicken TAP1 has a glycine in the switch region where other TAPs have glutamine or histidine, and both chicken TAP genes have serines in the C motif where mammalian TAP2 has an alanine. Lastly, the chicken TAP genes are highly polymorphic, with at least as many TAP alleles as there are class I alleles, as seen by investigating nine inbred lines of chicken. The close proximity of the TAP genes to the class I genes and the high level of polymorphism may allow co-evolution of the genes, allowing TAP molecules to transport peptides specifically for the class I molecules of that haplotype.

Indexed as

Major Histocompatibility ComplexAmino Acid MotifsAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsATP-Binding Cassette TransportersBase SequenceCell LineChickensChromosome MappingConserved SequenceDNA, ComplementaryExonsGenes, MHC Class IHaplotypesInterferon-gammaMolecular Sequence DataATP-Binding Cassette TransportersDNA, ComplementaryInterferon-gammaRecombinant ProteinsRNA, Messenger

Identifiers

PMID15900495
OpenAlexW2169692131

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.