ArticleOncogene2005
Identification of molecular apocrine breast tumours by microarray analysis.
Article in Oncogene, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 359 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
359 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 752 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic value of androgen receptor in triple negative breast cancer: A meta-analysis.Oncotarget · 2016Pooled it
- Breast cancer hypoxia in relation to prognosis and benefit from radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery in a large, randomised trial with long-term follow-up.British journal of cancer · 2022Trial
- Molecular apocrine tumours in EORTC 10994/BIG 1-00 phase III study: pathological response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and clinical outcomes.British journal of cancer · 2019Trial
- Neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 immunotherapy promotes a survival benefit with intratumoral and systemic immune responses in recurrent glioblastoma.Nature medicine · 2019Trial
- Enzalutamide for the Treatment of Androgen Receptor-Expressing Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2018Trial
- Heat shock protein 27 and gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 play critical roles in molecular apocrine breast cancer.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2016Trial
- Androgen receptor expression predicts beneficial tamoxifen response in oestrogen receptor-α-negative breast cancer.British journal of cancer · 2016Trial
- Gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 (GCDFP-15) expression in breast cancer subtypes.BMC cancer · 2014Trial
- Beyond the canonical view: steroid receptor network plasticity and mechanosensitive chromatin integration in breast cancer.NAR cancer · 2026Review
- Subtype-specific enhancer RNAs define transcriptional regulators and prognosis in breast cancers.Molecular oncology · 2026Article
- The clinical relevance of apocrine morphology in breast cancer depends on the estrogen receptor status.NPJ breast cancer · 2026Article
- Chemotherapy is associated with differential survival outcomes in apocrine carcinoma: A nationwide cohort study from the Japanese National Clinical Database-Breast Cancer Registry.Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2026Observational
- MUCL1 in triple-negative breast cancer: a novel marker associated with the luminal androgen receptor subtype.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Clinicopathological observation and initial exploration of characteristic biomarkers in breast apocrine carcinoma.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Invasive apocrine carcinoma of the breast-a surgeon's perspective on diagnosis, pitfalls, and evolving management options.Journal of surgical case reports · 2025Article
- The Cytochrome CYP4 in Breast and Other Cancers.Biology · 2025Review
- Article
- Androgen receptor signalling in non-prostatic malignancies: challenges and opportunities.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2025Review
- Relationship between androgen receptor and androgen receptor-related protein expression in breast cancers focusing on morphologically identified carcinoma with apocrine differentiation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Hormone Signaling in Breast Development and Cancer.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
299 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Previous microarray studies on breast cancer identified multiple tumour classes, of which the most prominent, named luminal and basal, differ in expression of the oestrogen receptor alpha gene (ER). We report here the identification of a group of breast tumours with increased androgen signalling and a 'molecular apocrine' gene expression profile. Tumour samples from 49 patients with large operable or locally advanced breast cancers were tested on Affymetrix U133A gene expression microarrays. Principal components analysis and hierarchical clustering split the tumours into three groups: basal, luminal and a group we call molecular apocrine. All of the molecular apocrine tumours have strong apocrine features on histological examination (P=0.0002). The molecular apocrine group is androgen receptor (AR) positive and contains all of the ER-negative tumours outside the basal group. Kolmogorov-Smirnov testing indicates that oestrogen signalling is most active in the luminal group, and androgen signalling is most active in the molecular apocrine group. ERBB2 amplification is commoner in the molecular apocrine than the other groups. Genes that best split the three groups were identified by Wilcoxon test. Correlation of the average expression profile of these genes in our data with the expression profile of individual tumours in four published breast cancer studies suggest that molecular apocrine tumours represent 8-14% of tumours in these studies. Our data show that it is possible with microarray data to divide mammary tumour cells into three groups based on steroid receptor activity: luminal (ER+ AR+), basal (ER- AR-) and molecular apocrine (ER- AR+).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.