Evidence map›Paper›PMID 15891954›Full record

Trial reportExperimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association2005

Adjunctive therapy with pramlintide lowers HbA1c without concomitant weight gain and increased risk of severe hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes approaching glycemic targets.

R Ratner, F Whitehouse, M S Fineman, S Strobel, L Shen, D G Maggs, O G Kolterman, C Weyer

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical TrialComparative StudyControlled Clinical Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04133922 (Effect of GLP-1 on Microvascular Insulin Responses in Type 1 Diabetes), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04133922 early_phase1withdrawnstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Effect of GLP-1 on Microvascular Insulin Responses in Type 1 Diabetes

Ran2019Enrolled0Registered outcomes5Posted comparisons0ConditionsInsulin Sensitivity/Resistance, Type 1 DiabetesArmsDextrose 20 % in Water, GLP-1, Insulin
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. New Amylin-Based Agonists for the Treatment of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
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  12. Metabolic Control in Type 1 Diabetes: Is Adjunctive Therapy the Way Forward?Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2018
    Review
  13. Adjunctive therapy for glucose control in patients with type 1 diabetes.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2018
    Review
  14. Role of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in type I diabetes mellitus.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2017
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

R RatnerMedStar Clinical Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA.
F Whitehouse
M S Fineman
S Strobel
L Shen
D G Maggs
O G Kolterman
C Weyer
Henry Ford Hospital · USMedStar Health · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsIn long-term clinical trials in patients with type 1 diabetes spanning a wide range of HbA1c, addition of pramlintide to existing insulin regimens led to reductions in HbA1c that were accompanied by weight loss and no increase in overall severe hypoglycemia event rates. Given that weight gain and increased hypoglycemia risk contribute to the difficulty of attaining HbA1c targets (<7 %), the question arose whether pramlintide could benefit patients approaching, but not reaching glycemic targets with insulin alone. To address this question, we conducted a pooled analysis from 3 long-term clinical trials, including all patients with an entry HbA1c between 7.0 % and 8.5 %.

methodsWithin the subset of patients with an entry HbA1c between 7.0 % and 8.5 % (approximately 28 % of all patients enrolled in the 3 studies), 196 were treated with placebo + insulin (baseline HbA1c 7.9+/-0.4 %, body weight 76.0+/-14.3 kg [mean+/-SD]) and 281 with pramlintide+insulin (baseline HbA1c 7.9+/-0.4 %, body weight 75.4+/-13.1 kg). Endpoints included placebo-corrected changes from baseline to week 26 in HbA1c, body weight, and the event rate of severe hypoglycemia.

resultsAdjunctive therapy with pramlintide resulted in significant reductions in HbA1c and body weight from baseline to week 26 (0.3 % and 1.8 kg, placebo-corrected treatment differences, respectively, both p<or=0.0009). These changes occurred without an increase in the overall risk of severe hypoglycemia (1.40 pramlintide vs. 1.86 placebo, events/patient-year of exposure).

conclusionsAddition of pramlintide to insulin therapy may help patients with type 1 diabetes who are approaching, but not yet reaching, glycemic targets with insulin alone to achieve further reductions in HbA1c without concomitant weight gain and increased risk of severe hypoglycemia.

Indexed as

AdultAmyloidBlood GlucoseBody WeightDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1FemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansHypoglycemiaHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinIslet Amyloid PolypeptideMalePlacebosWeight GainAmyloidBlood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinIslet Amyloid PolypeptidePlacebospramlintide

Identifiers

PMID15891954
OpenAlexW2078386940

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.