ArticleBrain research. Brain research protocols2005
Real time computation of in vivo drug levels during drug self-administration experiments.
Article in Brain research. Brain research protocols, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drug Self-Administration, Drug-Specific Behaviors, and Neurobehavioral Deep Learning Analyses.Addiction neuroscience · 2025Article
- Using cocaine and apomorphine self-administration in rats to measure the pharmacokinetics of competitive dopamine receptor antagonists administered by different routes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The ascending limb of the cocaine unit dose-response function in rats as an experimental artifact.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- SCH23390 and a humanized anti-cocaine mAb decrease the latency to cocaine-induced reinstatement of lever pressing behavior in rats that self-administer cocaine.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Differential Effect of Fixed Ratio Magnitude on the Rate of Lever-Pressing and Interinjection Intervals of Cocaine Self-Administration in Rats.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental · 2023Article
- The progressive ratio and fixed ratio 1 schedules of cocaine self-administration in rats convey the same information.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Differential effects of acute and chronic antagonist and an irreversible antagonist treatment on cocaine self-administration behavior in rats.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Dramatic increase in lever-pressing activity in rats after training on the progressive ratio schedule of cocaine self-administration.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Once is too much: Early development of the opponent process in taste reactivity behavior is associated with later escalation of cocaine self-administration in rats.Brain research bulletin · 2018Article
- The effects of a repeated dose of a recombinant humanized anti-cocaine monoclonal antibody on cocaine self-administration in rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2016Article
- Maintained cocaine self-administration is determined by quantal responses: implications for the measurement of antagonist potency.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2014Article
- The affinity of D2-like dopamine receptor antagonists determines the time to maximal effect on cocaine self-administration.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2011Article
- Using the self-administration of apomorphine and cocaine to measure the pharmacodynamic potencies and pharmacokinetics of competitive dopamine receptor antagonists.Journal of neuroscience methods · 2011Article
- Rapid EEG desynchronization and EMG activation induced by intravenous cocaine in freely moving rats: a peripheral, nondopamine neural triggering.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2010Article
- Long-term behavioral consequences of prenatal MDMA exposure.Physiology & behavior · 2009Article
- The effect of a chimeric human/murine anti-cocaine monoclonal antibody on cocaine self-administration in rats.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2009Article
- The compulsion zone: a pharmacological theory of acquired cocaine self-administration.Brain research · 2006Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that the drug concentration in the effect compartment of the body is the major factor regulating self-administration behavior. A novel computer-based protocol was developed to facilitate studies on mechanisms of drug addiction by determining correlations between drug levels and behavior during multiple drug injections and infusions. The core of the system is a user's program written in Medstate Notation language (Med-Associates, Inc.), which runs the self-administration session (with MED-PC software and hardware, Med-Associates, Inc.) and calculates the levels of infused and/or injected drugs in real time during the session. From the comparison of classical exponential and simple linear models of first-order kinetics, it is concluded that exponential solutions for the appropriate differential equations may be replaced with linear equations if the cycle of computation is much shorter than the shortest half-life for the drug. The choice between particular computation equations depends on assumptions about the pharmacokinetics of the particular drug: (i) one-, two- or three-compartment model, (ii) zero-, first- or second-order process of elimination, (iii) the constants of distribution and elimination half-lives of the drug are known or can be reasonably assumed, (iv) dependence of the constants on the drug level, and (v) temporal stability of all parameters during the session. This method of drug level computation can be employed not only for self-administration but also for other behavioral paradigms to advance pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.