ArticleBlood2005
Chemokine up-regulation in SARS-coronavirus-infected, monocyte-derived human dendritic cells.
Article in Blood, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 322 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Pilot Placebo-controlled Randomized Double-blind Trial of Melatonin in Outpatients With COVID-19 Infection
Neuromodulation With Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Field Stimulation for Adults With COVID-19
A Pilot Placebo-controlled Randomized Double-blind Trial of Melatonin in Outpatients With COVID-19 Infection
Who cites it
322 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Constraint-induced movement therapy protocols using the number of repetitions of task practice: a systematic review of feasibility and effects.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2021Pooled it
- Cardiovascular Disease and COVID-19: Insight From Cases With Heart Failure.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Severe COVID-19: what have we learned with the immunopathogenesis?Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2020Pooled it
- Genetic variants of the human host influencing the coronavirus-associated phenotypes (SARS, MERS and COVID-19): rapid systematic review and field synopsis.Human genomics · 2020Pooled it
- Association of inflammatory markers with the severity of COVID-19: A meta-analysis.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Neurodegenerative and Cognitive Consequences of Long COVID.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Reduced cytokine levels among people living with HIV (PLWH) in ghana co-infected with human coronaviruses.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Nicotine dependence among critically ill COVID-19 patients: A population-based cohort study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- Cytokine-driven modulation of peripheral immune cell populations in Coronavirus disease 2019 patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Chemokine receptor type-5: a key regulator of immunity, disease pathogenesis, and emerging therapeutic target.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- A Review: Can Cytokines Induce Vascular Inflammation as a Sequela of Viral Infections?Health science reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Aging-associated changes in immunological parameters: Implications for COVID-19 immune response in the elderly.Physiological reports · 2025Review
- A20 as a Potential Therapeutic Target for COVID-19.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Review
- Article
- The role of inflammatory gene polymorphisms in severe COVID-19: a review.Virology journal · 2024Review
- Role of the Neanderthal Genome in Genetic Susceptibility to COVID-19: 3p21.31 Locus in the Spotlight.Biochemical genetics · 2024Review
- Coronavirus nucleocapsid protein enhances the binding of p-PKCα to RACK1: Implications for inhibition of nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and suppression of the innate immune response.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- The Influence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on the Development of Selected Neurological Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
262 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Lymphopenia and increasing viral load in the first 10 days of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) suggested immune evasion by SARS-coronavirus (CoV). In this study, we focused on dendritic cells (DCs) which play important roles in linking the innate and adaptive immunity. SARS-CoV was shown to infect both immature and mature human monocyte-derived DCs by electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. The detection of negative strands of SARS-CoV RNA in DCs suggested viral replication. However, no increase in viral RNA was observed. Using cytopathic assays, no increase in virus titer was detected in infected DCs and cell-culture supernatant, confirming that virus replication was incomplete. No induction of apoptosis or maturation was detected in SARS-CoV-infected DCs. The SARS-CoV-infected DCs showed low expression of antiviral cytokines (interferon alpha [IFN-alpha], IFN-beta, IFN-gamma, and interleukin 12p40 [IL-12p40]), moderate up-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha] and IL-6) but significant up-regulation of inflammatory chemokines (macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha [MIP-1alpha], regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted [RANTES]), interferon-inducible protein of 10 kDa [IP-10], and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 [MCP-1]). The lack of antiviral cytokine response against a background of intense chemokine up-regulation could represent a mechanism of immune evasion by SARS-CoV.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.