ArticleInfection and immunity2005
Candida albicans-secreted aspartic proteinases modify the epithelial cytokine response in an in vitro model of vaginal candidiasis.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Expression and Purification along with Evaluation of Serological Response and Diagnostic Potential of Recombinant Sap2 Protein fromJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The effects of secreted aspartyl proteinase inhibitor ritonavir on azoles-resistant strains of Candida albicans as well as regulatory role of SAP2 and ERG11.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2021Article
- The impact of the Fungus-Host-Microbiota interplay upon Candida albicans infections: current knowledge and new perspectives.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2021Review
- Proteases as Therapeutic Targets Against the Parasitic CnidarianFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- An Opaque Cell-Specific Expression Program of Secreted Proteases and Transporters Allows Cell-Type Cooperation inGenetics · 2020Article
- Vaccination with Secreted Aspartyl Proteinase 2 Protein fromInfection and immunity · 2020Article
- Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: A Current Understanding and Burning Questions.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Pathogenesis and Clinical Relevance ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- ERG3 and ERG11 genes are critical for the pathogenesis of Candida albicans during the oral mucosal infection.International journal of oral science · 2018Article
- Novel Mechanism behind the Immunopathogenesis of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: "Neutrophil Anergy".Infection and immunity · 2018Review
- Aspartyl Proteinases of Eukaryotic Microbial Pathogens: From Eating to Heating.PLoS pathogens · 2016Review
- Inhibitory effects of carvacrol on the expression of secreted aspartyl proteinases 1-3 in fluconazole-resistantIranian journal of microbiology · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Secreted aspartyl proteinases (Saps) are important virulence factors of Candida albicans during mucosal and disseminated infections and may also contribute to the induction of an inflammatory host immune response. We used a model of vaginal candidiasis based on reconstituted human vaginal epithelium (RHVE) to study the epithelial cytokine response induced by C. albicans. In order to study the impact of the overall proteolytic activity and of distinct Sap isoenzymes, we studied the effect of the proteinase inhibitor pepstatin A on the immune response and compared the cytokine expression pattern induced by the wild-type strain SC5314 with the pattern induced by Sap-deficient mutants. Infection of RHVE with the C. albicans wild-type strain induced strong interleukin 1alpha (IL-1alpha), IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, gamma interferon, and tumor necrosis factor alpha responses in comparison with cytokine expression in noninfected tissue. Addition of the aspartyl proteinase inhibitor pepstatin A strongly reduced the cytokine response of RHVE. Furthermore, SAP-null mutants lacking either SAP1 or SAP2 caused reduced tissue damage and had a significantly reduced potential to stimulate cytokine expression. In contrast, the vaginopathic and cytokine-inducing potential of mutants lacking SAP4 to SAP6 was similar to that of the wild-type strain. These data show that the potential of specific Saps to cause tissue damage correlates with an epithelium-induced proinflammatory cytokine response, which may be crucial in controlling and managing C. albicans infections at the vaginal mucosa in vivo.
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