ReviewThe Journal of physiology2005
Transient outward potassium current, 'Ito', phenotypes in the mammalian left ventricle: underlying molecular, cellular and biophysical mechanisms.
Review in The Journal of physiology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
95 citing papers in PubMed, 193 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acute arsenic trioxide inhibits the cardiac transient outward KCurrent research in structural biology · 2026Article
- Hypernatremia Enhances Transient Outward Potassium and Late Sodium Currents in a Mouse Model of Long QT Syndrome Type 3.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Beyond the Surface: Investigating the Potential Mechanisms of Non-Motor Symptoms in Myasthenia Gravis.European journal of neurology · 2025Review
- Insights into the prospects of nanobiomaterials in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmia.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- The Kv4 potassium channel modulator NS5806 attenuates cardiac hypertrophy in vivo and in vitro.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- E3 ubiquitin ligase rififylin has yin and yang effects on rabbit cardiac transient outward potassium currents (IThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2024Article
- Creating Computational Models of Ion Channel Dynamics.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Synergistic effects of hormones on structural and functional maturation of cardiomyocytes and implications for heart regeneration.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Review
- KCells · 2023Review
- Article
- Inhibitory Effects of 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl Borate (2-APB) on Three KMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Modulation of KInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Inducing IJournal of molecular and cellular cardiology · 2022Article
- Indoxyl sulfate reduces Ito,f by activating ROS/MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.JCI insight · 2022Article
- The anti-aging factor Klotho protects against acquired long QT syndrome induced by uremia and promoted by fibroblast growth factor 23.BMC medicine · 2022Article
- In vitro ion channel profile and ex vivo cardiac electrophysiology properties of the R(-) and S(+) enantiomers of hydroxychloroquine.European journal of pharmacology · 2022Article
- Exploring the Coordination of Cardiac Ion Channels With Action Potential Clamp Technique.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- Arrhythmogenic Remodeling in the Failing Heart.Cells · 2021Review
- ESC working group on cardiac cellular electrophysiology position paper: relevance, opportunities, and limitations of experimental models for cardiac electrophysiology research.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2021Review
- Sigma-1 receptor ligands improves ventricular repolarization-related ion remodeling in rats with major depression disorder.Psychopharmacology · 2021Article
35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
At least two functionally distinct transient outward K(+) current (I(to)) phenotypes can exist across the free wall of the left ventricle (LV). Based upon their voltage-dependent kinetics of recovery from inactivation, these two phenotypes are designated 'I(to,fast)' (recovery time constants on the order of tens of milliseconds) and 'I(to,slow)' (recovery time constants on the order of thousands of milliseconds). Depending upon species, either I(to,fast), I(to,slow) or both current phenotypes may be expressed in the LV free wall. The expression gradients of these two I(to) phenotypes across the LV free wall are typically heterogeneous and, depending upon species, may consist of functional phenotypic gradients of both I(to,fast) and I(to,slow) and/or density gradients of either phenotype. We review the present evidence (molecular, biophysical, electrophysiological and pharmacological) for Kv4.2/4.3 alpha subunits underlying LV I(to,fast) and Kv1.4 alpha subunits underlying LV I(to,slow) and speculate upon the potential roles of each of these currents in determining frequency-dependent action potential characteristics of LV subepicardial versus subendocardial myocytes in different species. We also review the possible functional implications of (i) ancillary subunits that regulate Kv1.4 and Kv4.2/4.3 (Kvbeta subunits, DPPs), (ii) KChIP2 isoforms, (iii) spider toxin-mediated block of Kv4.2/4.3 (Heteropoda toxins, phrixotoxins), and (iv) potential mechanisms of modulation of I(to,fast) and I(to,slow) by cellular redox state, [Ca(2)(+)](i) and kinase-mediated phosphorylation. I(to) phenotypic activation and state-dependent gating models and molecular structure-function relationships are also discussed.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.