ArticleBrain, behavior and evolution2005
Two visual processing pathways are targeted by gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the retina.
Article in Brain, behavior and evolution, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of Growth Hormone (GH) and Other Somatotropic Axis Elements in Retinal Neuroprotection.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis of transcriptional changes in zebrafishFrontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Article
- Sensory Integration: Cross-Modal Communication Between the Olfactory and Visual Systems in Zebrafish.Chemical senses · 2019Review
- Evolutionary Viewpoint on GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) in Chordata - Amino Acid and Nucleic Acid Sequences.Development & reproduction · 2018Review
- GnRH-mediated olfactory and visual inputs promote mating-like behaviors in male zebrafish.PloS one · 2017Article
- Social regulation of cortisol receptor gene expression.The Journal of experimental biology · 2014Article
- Early development of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuronal network in transgenic zebrafish.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2013Article
- Article
- Neural and hormonal mechanisms of reproductive-related arousal in fishes.Hormones and behavior · 2011Review
- Characterization of voltage-activated ionic currents in the GnRH-containing terminalis nerve in transgenic zebrafish.Brain research · 2011Article
- Social status regulates kisspeptin receptor mRNA in the brain of Astatotilapia burtoni.General and comparative endocrinology · 2010Article
- The role of the terminal nerve and GnRH in olfactory system neuromodulation.Zoological science · 2009Review
- Effects of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone outside the hypothalamic-pituitary-reproductive axis.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2009Review
- The gonadotropin-releasing hormone type I receptor is expressed in the mouse cerebellum.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2008Article
- Androgen receptors in a cichlid fish, Astatotilapia burtoni: structure, localization, and expression levels.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2007Article
- Olfactoretinal centrifugal input modulates zebrafish retinal ganglion cell activity: a possible role for dopamine-mediated Ca2+ signalling pathways.The Journal of physiology · 2005Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
In fish the terminal nerve is comprised of a group of cells with somata adjacent to the olfactory bulb and processes that extend both anteriorly to the olfactory mucosa and posteriorly to the telencephalon. In teleost fish an additional group of axons extends along the optic tract and delivers putative neuromodulators to the retina. One peptide - gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) - has been implicated as a prime candidate neuromodulator based on electrophysiological evidence that exogenous application influences neural activity. Here we describe the expression patterns of two GnRH receptor subtypes in the retina of a teleost fish, Astatotilapia (Haplochromis) burtoni. The type 1 GnRH receptor (GnRH-R1) was expressed in cells of the amacrine cell layer - where lateral inputs affect the flow of visual information from photoreceptors to the brain - and in a distribution and location pattern similar to dopaminergic interplexiform cells. Immunohistochemical labeling of GnRH fibers revealed varicosities along terminal nerve axons near the amacrine cell layer and near cells immunoreactive for tyrosine hydroxylase, a dopaminergic cell marker. This finding supports an existing model that the terminal nerve forms synapses with dopaminergic interplexiform cells. Surprisingly, the type 2 GnRH receptor (GnRH-R2) was abundantly expressed in ganglion cells, which lie along the direct pathway of visual information to the brain. These data suggest that GnRH from the TN could broadly influence processing of retinal signals both in lateral processing circuits through GnRH-R1 and in the vertical throughput pathway through GnRH-R2.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.