ArticleClinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology2005
Assessment by flow cytometry of cytokine production in malnourished children.
Article in Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Distinct T-cell responses when BCG vaccination is delayed from birth to 6 weeks of age in Ugandan infants.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2014Trial
- Glucocorticoids intrinsically redirect naïve CD4+ T cells to the bone marrow for preservation in malnourished mice.Biology open · 2026Article
- Dietary iron deficiency impairs effector function of memory T cells following influenza infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Assessment of cellular immune phenotype of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in Bangladeshi children with severe acute malnutrition.Immunobiology · 2025Article
- Dietary zinc deficiency promotes Acinetobacter baumannii lung infection via IL-13 in mice.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
- Malnutrition and Allergies: Tipping the Immune Balance towards Health.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Review
- Factors Influencing the Indeterminate Results in a T-SPOT.TB test: A Matched Case-control Study.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2023Article
- The Association between Vitamin D, Interleukin-4, and Interleukin-10 Levels and CD23+ Expression with Bronchial Asthma in Stunted Children.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Article
- Tuberculosis-Learning the Impact of Nutrition (TB LION): protocol for an interventional study to decrease TB risk in household contacts.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Article
- Comparing tuberculosis gene signatures in malnourished individuals using the TBSignatureProfiler.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Control of T Cell Metabolism by Cytokines and Hormones.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Impact of Heat-KilledNutrients · 2020Article
- Efficacy of the Preoperative Albumin-Bilirubin Grade for Predicting Survival and Outcomes of Postoperative Chemotherapy for Advanced Gastric Cancer.Cancer management and research · 2020Article
- Anorexia Nervosa and the Immune System-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Review
- Observational
- Iron Supplementation Therapy, A Friend and Foe of Mycobacterial Infections?Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Malnutrition in children is associated with an increased risk of infection and death. Multiple abnormalities in the immune response, including cytokine production, in protein energy-malnourished children have been described and could account for the increased severity and frequency of infections. In this study, we used flow cytometry to investigate the effects of malnutrition on the production of cytokines (interleukin-2 [IL-2], gamma interferon [IFN-gamma], IL-4, and IL-10) in CD4+ and CD8+ cells and the activation capability (as indicated by CD69+ and CD25+ cells). CD4+ and CD8+ cells from malnourished children showed increased production of IL-4 and IL-10 cytokines and decreased production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma cytokines compared to that in cells from well-nourished, uninfected and well-nourished, infected children. In addition, malnourished children showed impaired activation capability, since the fluorescence intensity of CD69+ and CD25+ cells was lower than that in cells from well-nourished, uninfected and well-nourished, infected children. These results indicate that malnutrition alters the capacity of CD4+ and CD8+ cells to produce IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-4, and IL-10 in response to stimulus. We concluded that both cytokine production and activation capacity were impaired in malnourished children. This functional impairment may be involved in the failure to develop a specific immune response and the predisposition to infection in these children.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.