ReviewJournal of anatomy2005
Retinal vascular image analysis as a potential screening tool for cerebrovascular disease: a rationale based on homology between cerebral and retinal microvasculatures.
Review in Journal of anatomy, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 425 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of the Stellate Ganglion Block on the Retinal Microcirculation: A Pilot Study
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Neurological Disease: A Pilot Study
Who cites it
425 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Retinal imaging in pre-eclamptic pregnancy: systematic review.Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2026Pooled it
- Retinal biomarkers for early Alzheimer's detection: a systematic review of optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2026Pooled it
- Ocular markers of microangiopathy and their possible association with cardiovascular risk in patients with systemic inflammatory rheumatic diseases: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis on the ocular characteristics in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- Optical coherence tomography angiography in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Eye (London, England) · 2022Pooled it
- Diabetic retinopathy and cognitive dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta diabetologica · 2022Pooled it
- Evaluation of retina and microvascular changes in the patient with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Sleep disordered breathing has minimal association with retinal microvascular diameters in a non-diabetic sleep clinic cohort.PloS one · 2023Trial
- Hypertensive Retinopathy and the Risk of Stroke Among Hypertensive Adults in China.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Trial
- Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography-Angiography and Longitudinal Changes in Cognition and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.Neurology · 2026Article
- Detailed Analysis of Intraretinal Layers and Their Correlation to Brain Structures in Normal Healthy Aging.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Multimodal Retinal Imaging Correlates With Brain Atrophy and Plasma Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Retinal Vessel Traits and the Development of Balance Impairment: The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS): redefining its interpretation and role.Japanese journal of radiology · 2026Review
- Subclinical neurovascular and immune correlates of post-COVID-19 syndrome detected by retinal imaging.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- The Underutilized Ocular Fundus in Emergency Departments: Current Progress and Future Prospect of Imaging and Artificial Intelligence for Patient Care.Ophthalmology science · 2026Review
- Retinal microvascular changes are related to indicators of glymphatic dysfunction and small vessel disease in frontotemporal dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Review
- Investigating Retinal Microvascular Changes Using OCT-Angiography: The Role of Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction in Hypertensive Nephropathy.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Retinal and Choroidal Vascular Metrics Predict Cerebral Atrophy and Cognitive Impairment in Noninfarcted Large Artery Stenosis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
365 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The retinal and cerebral microvasculatures share many morphological and physiological properties. Assessment of the cerebral microvasculature requires highly specialized and expensive techniques. The potential for using non-invasive clinical assessment of the retinal microvasculature as a marker of the state of the cerebrovasculature offers clear advantages, owing to the ease with which the retinal vasculature can be directly visualized in vivo and photographed due to its essential two-dimensional nature. The use of retinal digital image analysis is becoming increasingly common, and offers new techniques to analyse different aspects of retinal vascular topography, including retinal vascular widths, geometrical attributes at vessel bifurcations and vessel tracking. Being predominantly automated and objective, these techniques offer an exciting opportunity to study the potential to identify retinal microvascular abnormalities as markers of cerebrovascular pathology. In this review, we describe the anatomical and physiological homology between the retinal and cerebral microvasculatures. We review the evidence that retinal microvascular changes occur in cerebrovascular disease and review current retinal image analysis tools that may allow us to use different aspects of the retinal microvasculature as potential markers for the state of the cerebral microvasculature.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.