ArticleImmunology2005
Transforming growth factor-beta1 increases CXCR4 expression, stromal-derived factor-1alpha-stimulated signalling and human immunodeficiency virus-1 entry in human monocyte-derived macrophages.
Article in Immunology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- From bud to stem: dynamics of hematopoietic stem cells that drive homing and mobilization.Current opinion in hematology · 2026Review
- Nrf2 regulates ICAM-1-mediated neutrophil extracellular trap formation after traumatic brain injury.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Nrf2 activator peptide protects the brain from cerebral vascular dysfunction in alcohol ingestion.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Exploring the effect of canine cancer-associated fibroblasts on T cell dynamics through the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis modulated by TGF-β1.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Roles of TGF-β1 in Viral Infection during Pregnancy: Research Update and Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- A single-domain i-body, AD-114, attenuates renal fibrosis through blockade of CXCR4.JCI insight · 2022Article
- The role of the tumor microenvironment in tumor cell intravasation and dissemination.European journal of cell biology · 2020Article
- Dynamics of Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-β Superfamily Cytokine Induction During HIV-1 Infection Are Distinct From Other Innate Cytokines.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- A Unidirectional Transition from Migratory to Perivascular Macrophage Is Required for Tumor Cell Intravasation.Cell reports · 2018Article
- CD44 silencing decreases the expression of stem cell-related factors induced by transforming growth factor β1 and tumor necrosis factor α in lung cancer: Preliminary findings.Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences · 2017Article
- Regulation of the Immune Response by TGF-β: From Conception to Autoimmunity and Infection.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2017Review
- CXCL12/CXCR4 Axis Activation Mediates Prostate Myofibroblast Phenoconversion through Non-Canonical EGFR/MEK/ERK Signaling.PloS one · 2016Article
- Microglial P2 Purinergic Receptor and Immunomodulatory Gene Transcripts Vary By Region, Sex, and Age in the Healthy Mouse CNS.Transcriptomics: open access · 2015Article
- Transforming growth factor-β1 regulated phosphorylated AKT and interferon gamma expressions are associated with epithelial cell survival in rhesus macaque colon explants.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2015Article
- Chemokine receptor Cxcr4 contributes to kidney fibrosis via multiple effectors.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2015Article
- Intrinsic TGF-β2-triggered SDF-1-CXCR4 signaling axis is crucial for drug resistance and a slow-cycling state in bone marrow-disseminated tumor cells.Oncotarget · 2015Article
- Galectin-1 upregulates CXCR4 to promote tumor progression and poor outcome in kidney cancer.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2014Article
- Neuronal ferritin heavy chain and drug abuse affect HIV-associated cognitive dysfunction.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2014Article
- The role(s) of cytokines/chemokines in urinary bladder inflammation and dysfunction.BioMed research international · 2014Review
- CXCL12 induces hepatic stellate cell contraction through a calcium-independent pathway.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL12) and its receptor CXCR4 play crucial roles in leukocyte migration and activation, as well as embryogenesis, angiogenesis, cancer and viral pathogenesis. CXCR4 is one of the major human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) coreceptors on macrophages. In many tissues macrophages are one of the predominant cell types infected by HIV-1 and act as a reservoir for persistent infection and viral dissemination. In patients infected by HIV-1, blood and tissue levels of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) are increased. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of TGF-beta1 on CXCR4 expression and function in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) and rat microglia. TGF-beta1 up-regulated CXCR4 and enhanced SDF-1alpha-stimulated ERK1,2 phosphorylation in these cells. The increased CXCR4 expression in human MDMs resulted in increased susceptibility of the cells to entry by dual-tropic CXCR4-using HIV-1 (D-X4). In contrast, TGF-beta1 failed to increase CCR5 expression or infection by a CCR5-using virus in MDMs. Our data demonstrate that TGF-beta1 enhances macrophage responsiveness to SDF-1alpha stimulation and susceptibility to HIV-1 by selectively increasing expression of CXCR4. The results suggest that increased expression of CXCR4 on macrophages may contribute to the emergence of dual-tropic X4 viral variants at later stages of HIV-1 infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.