ArticleCancer gene therapy2005
Small interfering RNA targeting Raf-1 inhibits tumor growth in vitro and in vivo.
Article in Cancer gene therapy, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent advances in gene delivery for melanocyte-associated disorders.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2025Review
- siRNA Therapeutics for Protein Misfolding Diseases of the Central Nervous System.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2021Article
- Non-Viral Targeted Nucleic Acid Delivery: Apply Sequences for Optimization.Pharmaceutics · 2020Review
- Peptide carriers to the rescue: overcoming the barriers to siRNA delivery for cancer treatment.Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine · 2019Review
- Lipopeptide Delivery of siRNA to the Central Nervous System.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2019Article
- Article
- Solid-phase supported design of carriers for therapeutic nucleic acid delivery.Bioscience reports · 2017Review
- Delivery strategies and potential targets for siRNA in major cancer types.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2016Review
- Enhanced silencing and stabilization of siRNA polyplexes by histidine-mediated hydrogen bonds.Biomaterials · 2014Article
- Surface-modified HK:siRNA nanoplexes with enhanced pharmacokinetics and tumor growth inhibition.Biomacromolecules · 2013Article
- Buffering capacity and size of siRNA polyplexes influence cytokine levels.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2012Article
- Systemic delivery of HK Raf-1 siRNA polyplexes inhibits MDA-MB-435 xenografts.Cancer gene therapy · 2008Article
- Delivering small interfering RNA for novel therapeutics.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2008Review
- Selective Raf inhibition in cancer therapy.Expert opinion on therapeutic targets · 2007Review
- Applications of RNA interference: current state and prospects for siRNA-based strategies in vivo.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2007Review
- Raf kinases: function, regulation and role in human cancer.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2007Review
- In vivo gene silencing in solid tumors by targeted electrically mediated siRNA delivery.Gene therapy · 2007Article
- Small interfering RNA targeting epidermal growth factor receptor enhances chemosensitivity to cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil and docetaxel in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Cancer science · 2006Article
- RNA interference in the mouse vascular endothelium by systemic administration of siRNA-lipoplexes for cancer therapy.Gene therapy · 2006Article
- Efficacy of siRNA nanocapsules targeted against the EWS-Fli1 oncogene in Ewing sarcoma.Pharmaceutical research · 2006Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Raf-1 is a cytosolic serine-threonine kinase that plays an important role in tumor cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis. Upregulated Raf-1 activity has also been implicated in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. In this study, we used a promising new RNA interfering technology that targets Raf-1 mRNA both in vitro and in vivo. We initially found that Raf-1 siRNA markedly reduced Raf-1 mRNA in MDA-MB-435 cells in vitro by approximately 75% compared to control siRNA treatment groups. Raf-1 siRNA also reduced cell number by inducing apoptosis in a number of cell lines including HUVEC, MDA-MB-435, and C6 cells. After screening several histidine-lysine polymers in complex with Raf-1 siRNA to reduce tumor growth, we further evaluated the efficacy of this siRNA in complex with the optimal histidine-lysine carrier to reduce the tumor growth in vivo. MDA-MB-435 xenografts treated by intratumoral injections of Raf-1 siRNA were significantly reduced compared with the control groups. By the fourth measurement, tumor growth was reduced by nearly 60% in the Raf-1 siRNA treatment group compared with the untreated group (P < .02). Taken together, our data provide evidence that Raf-1 siRNA may be an effective strategy for reducing tumor growth.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.