ArticleJournal of virology2005
Retroviral recombination in vivo: viral replication patterns and genetic structure of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) populations in rhesus macaques after simultaneous or sequential intravaginal inoculation with SIVmac239Deltavpx/Deltavpr and SIVmac239Deltanef.
Article in Journal of virology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Defective HIV-1 envelope gene promotes the evolution of the infectious strain through recombination in vitro.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Review
- Latent HIV-1 can be reactivated by cellular superinfection in a Tat-dependent manner, which can lead to the emergence of multidrug-resistant recombinant viruses.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- HIV-1 pathogenesis: the virus.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2012Article
- Stable multi-infection of splenocytes during SIV infection--the basis for continuous recombination.Retrovirology · 2012Article
- Article
- An antiretroviral/zinc combination gel provides 24 hours of complete protection against vaginal SHIV infection in macaques.PloS one · 2011Article
- Relative replication capacity of phenotypic SIV variants during primary infections differs with route of inoculation.Retrovirology · 2010Article
- Article
- Protection of macaques with diverse MHC genotypes against a heterologous SIV by vaccination with a deglycosylated live-attenuated SIV.PloS one · 2010Article
- A limited number of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) env variants are transmitted to rhesus macaques vaginally inoculated with SIVmac251.Journal of virology · 2010Article
- Multi-low-dose mucosal simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac239 challenge of cynomolgus macaques immunized with "hyperattenuated" SIV constructs.Journal of virology · 2010Article
- SHIV infection protects against heterologous pathogenic SHIV challenge in macaques: a gold-standard for HIV-1 vaccine development?Current HIV research · 2009Article
- Is an HIV vaccine possible?The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases · 2009Review
- Macaques vaccinated with live-attenuated SIV control replication of heterologous virus.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2008Article
- Efficient entry inhibition of human and nonhuman primate immunodeficiency virus by cell surface-expressed gp41-derived peptides.Gene therapy · 2008Article
- High frequency of genetic recombination is a common feature of primate lentivirus replication.Journal of virology · 2006Article
- Article
- Preclinical assessment of HIV vaccines and microbicides by repeated low-dose virus challenges.PLoS medicine · 2005Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To characterize the occurrence, frequency, and kinetics of retroviral recombination in vivo, we intravaginally inoculated rhesus macaques, either simultaneously or sequentially, with attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strains having complementary deletions in their accessory genes and various degrees of replication impairment. In monkeys inoculated simultaneously with SIVmac239Deltavpx/Deltavpr and SIVmac239Deltanef, recombinant wild-type (wt) virus and wild-type levels of plasma viral RNA (vRNA) were detected in blood by 2 weeks postinoculation. In monkeys inoculated first with SIVmac239Deltavpx/Deltavpr and then with SIVmac239Deltanef, recombination occurred but was associated with lower plasma vRNA levels than plasma vRNA levels seen for monkeys inoculated intravaginally with wt SIVmac239. In one monkey, recombination occurred 6 weeks after the challenge with SIVmac239Deltanef when plasma SIVmac239Deltavpx/Deltavpr RNA levels were undetectable. In monkeys inoculated first with the more highly replicating strain, SIVmac239Deltanef, and then with SIVmac239Deltavpx/Deltavpr, wild-type recombinant virus was not detected in blood or tissues. Instead, a virus that had repaired the deletion in the nef gene by a compensatory mutation was found in one animal. Overall, recombinant SIV was eventually found in four of six animals intravaginally inoculated with the two SIVmac239 deletion mutants. These findings show that recombination can occur readily in vivo after mucosal SIV exposure and thus contributes to the generation of viral genetic diversity and enhancement of viral fitness.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.